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Topic Review
Afrikaans Folklore
Learners of Afrikaans as an additional language could be enabled to respond to aesthetical, emotional, cultural and social values. Through the use of Afrikaans folklore teachers can focus on developing the learners' ability to behave with cultural and aesthetic sensitivity in different social contexts. Afrikaans examples of folklore are mentioned and discussed briefly to include stories with humour, magic, the transmission of social and cultural values and traditions, ecological meaning, idiomatic expressions, praise poems, ogre characters and stereotypes. By means of a well-known background and/or context of a text, learners of Afrikaans as an additional language can become aware of the aesthetic range of the target language; they can become acquainted with the depth and content of meaning implied in the text. If a text is understood, the reader becomes personally involved and this, in itself, can lead the reader to interact creatively with the text - from the mechanical aspect of the language system to the analytical aspect - where s/he can participate in the story. The learner can thus discover how the events unfold, s/he can share the characters' emotional experiences and communicate their personal responses. Herein lies the relevance of a good reading text (despite the origin) - because the reader inhabits the text and in the process the language becomes transparent.
  • 2.5K
  • 31 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Traditional Fermented Foods in Korea
Fermented foods are loved and enjoyed worldwide and are part of a tradition in several regions of the world. Koreans have traditionally had a healthy diet since people in this region have followed a fermented-foods diet for at least 5000 years. Fermented-product footprints are evolving beyond boundaries and taking the lead in the world of food. Fermented foods, such as jang (fermented soybean products), kimchi (fermented vegetables), jeotgal (fermented fish), and vinegar (liquor with grain and fruit fermentation), are prominent fermented foods in the Korean culture.
  • 2.5K
  • 09 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Digital Twins in Automotive Industry
A digital twin is a nonphysical model that has been designed in order to accurately reflect an artificial or physical system, where sensors are placed to acquire a variety of data regarding different aspects concerning the performance of the system.
  • 2.5K
  • 13 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Motion Capture Technology
Motion capture (MoCap) is the process of digitally tracking and recoding the movements of objects or living beings in space.
  • 2.5K
  • 14 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Shielding of Cosmic Radiation by Fibrous Materials
Cosmic radiation belongs to the challenges engineers have to deal with when further developing space travel. Besides the severe risks for humans due to high-energy particles or waves, the impact of cosmic radiation on electronics and diverse materials cannot be neglected, even in microsatellites or other unmanned spacecraft. Here, we explain the different particles or waves found in cosmic radiation and their potential impact on biological and inanimate matter.
  • 2.5K
  • 20 Oct 2021
Topic Review
Clays and the Origin of Life
Clays are able to replicate and drive the evolution of metabolism; they have the catalytic ability to synthesize monomers (amino acids, nucleotides and so on) and polymerize them, resulting in RNA–peptide worlds in which RNA replicates (genes) and, in cooperation with coded peptides, drives the evolution of the cell. 
  • 2.5K
  • 25 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Compliant Continuum Robots
Compliant continuum robots (CCRs) are usually made of elastic materials, including nitinol alloy (NiTi), silicone, rubberand polyamide, etc. They are designed to be slender, i.e., low diameter to length ratio. CCRs have been widely employed in a constraint environment to manipulate tasks, such as minimally invasive cardiac surgery, orthopaedic surgery, endoscopic surgery, bariatric surgeryand the inspection of gas turbine engines, in-situ aero-engine maintenance works.
  • 2.5K
  • 03 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Biofuel production from different sources
Due to the depletion of fossil fuels, biofuel production from renewable sources has gainedinterest. Malaysia, as a tropical country with huge resources, has a high potential to produce differenttypes of biofuels from renewable sources. In Malaysia, biofuels can be produced from various sources,such as lignocellulosic biomass, palm oil residues, and municipal wastes. Besides, biofuels are dividedinto two main categories, called liquid (bioethanol and biodiesel) and gaseous (biohydrogen andbiogas). Malaysia agreed to reduce its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 45% by 2030 as theysigned the Paris agreement in 2016. Therefore, we reviewed the status and potential of Malaysia asone of the main biofuel producers in the world in recent years. The role of government and existingpolicies have been discussed to analyze the outlook of the biofuel industries in Malaysia.
  • 2.5K
  • 27 Oct 2020
Topic Review
NRF2
Nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (NRF2) is a transcription factor that regulates the cellular defense against toxic and oxidative insults through the expression of genes involved in oxidative stress response and drug detoxification. NRF2 activation renders cells resistant to chemical carcinogens and inflammatory challenges. In addition to antioxidant responses, NRF2 is involved in other cellular processes, including metabolism and inflammation, and its functions are beyond the originally envisioned. NRF2 activity is tightly regulated through a complex transcriptional and post-translational network that enables it to orchestrate the cell’s response and adaptation to various pathological stressors for the homeostasis maintenance. Elevated or decreased NRF2 activity by pharmacological and genetic manipulations of NRF2 activation is associated with many metabolism- or inflammation-related diseases. Emerging evidence shows that NRF2 lies at the center of a complex regulatory network and establishes NRF2 as a truly pleiotropic transcription factor. Here we summarize the complex regulatory network of NRF2 activity and its roles in metabolic reprogramming, unfolded protein response, proteostatsis, autophagy, mitochondrial biogenesis, inflammation, and immunity.
  • 2.5K
  • 17 Jul 2020
Topic Review
AgNPs
Elementary silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are of great interest because of their various probable medical application. Due to their antimicrobial activity, low toxicity and inexpensive cost, the mechanism of silver nanoparticles biosynthesis in bacterial, fungal and plant cells is extremely exciting from the point of view of the different cellular compounds participation in it: proteins, enzymes, acids, etc.
  • 2.5K
  • 15 Dec 2020
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