Subject:
All Disciplines Arts & Humanities Biology & Life Sciences Business & Economics Chemistry & Materials Science Computer Science & Mathematics Engineering Environmental & Earth Sciences Medicine & Pharmacology Physical Sciences Public Health & Healthcare Social Sciences
Sort:
Hottest Latest Alphabetical (A-Z) Alphabetical (Z-A)
Type:
All Topic Review Biography
Topic Review
Alternative Models of Graph Visualization
There are many data visualization tools in various application fields, but at the same time, the main difficulty lies in presenting data of an interconnected (node-link) structure, i.e., networks. Typically, a lot of software means use graphs as the most straightforward and versatile models. To facilitate visual analysis, researchers are developing ways to arrange graph elements to make comparing, searching, and navigating data easier.
  • 327
  • 20 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Explainable Artificial Intelligence for Smart Cities
The emergence of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) has enhanced the lives of humans and envisioned the concept of smart cities using informed actions, enhanced user interpretations and explanations, and firm decision-making processes. The XAI systems can unbox the potential of black-box AI models and describe them explicitly.
  • 747
  • 19 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET)-Based Biosensor
Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based biosensors are being fabricated for specific detection of biomolecules or changes in the microenvironment. FRET is a non-radiative transfer of energy from an excited donor fluorophore molecule to a nearby acceptor fluorophore molecule. In a FRET-based biosensor, the donor and acceptor molecules are typically fluorescent proteins or fluorescent nanomaterials such as quantum dots (QDs) or small molecules that are engineered to be in close proximity to each other. When the biomolecule of interest is present, it can cause a change in the distance between the donor and acceptor, leading to a change in the efficiency of FRET and a corresponding change in the fluorescence intensity of the acceptor. This change in fluorescence can be used to detect and quantify the biomolecule of interest.
  • 739
  • 18 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Cybersecurity in Smart Cities
Smart technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), cloud computing, and artificial intelligence (AI), are being adopted in cities and transforming them into smart cities. In smart cities, various network technologies, such as the Internet and IoT, are combined to exchange real-time information, making the everyday lives of their residents more convenient.  Cybersecurity for smart cities includes a combination of technologies that have emerged to address the highly complex challenges of insecure devices and networks, which can lead to unbounded attacks. 
  • 441
  • 17 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Severity Identification of Parkinson’s Disease
Disease severity identification using computational intelligence-based approaches is gaining popularity nowadays. Movement disorders caused by PD may not remain the same in different patients. Thus, it is essential to develop an automated tool to evaluate a patient’s gait.
  • 278
  • 14 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Challenges According to the ‘7Vs’ of Big Data
Big Data has challenges that sometimes are the same as its own characteristics. These characteristics are known as the Vs. The researchers describe ‘7Vs’ that they have found and are the most used and more related to general data used in Big Data, including an explanation and challenges that exist according to them. Some of them have different subtypes according to the differences detected in the literature and working with them. Some authors create a different V for similar purposes, and here, the researcher gather them into one due to the similarities.
  • 480
  • 12 Apr 2023
Topic Review Peer Reviewed
Tokenization in the Theory of Knowledge
Tokenization is a procedure for recovering the elements of interest in a sequence of data. This term is commonly used to describe an initial step in the processing of programming languages, and also for the preparation of input data in the case of artificial neural networks; however, it is a generalizable concept that applies to reducing a complex form to its basic elements, whether in the context of computer science or in natural processes. In this entry, the general concept of a token and its attributes are defined, along with its role in different contexts, such as deep learning methods. Included here are suggestions for further theoretical and empirical analysis of tokenization, particularly regarding its use in deep learning, as it is a rate-limiting step and a possible bottleneck when the results do not meet expectations.
  • 651
  • 11 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Health Information Systems for Healthcare
Health information system deployment has been driven by the transformation and digitalization confronting healthcare. The need and potential of these systems within healthcare have been tremendously driven by the global instability that has affected several interrelated sectors. Accordingly, many research studies have reported on the inadequacies of these systems within the healthcare arena, which have distorted their potential and offerings to revolutionize healthcare.
  • 376
  • 11 Apr 2023
Topic Review
WSN-IoT
The Wireless Sensor Network in the Internet of Things (WSN-IoT) has been flourishing as another global breakthrough over the past. The WSN-IoT is reforming the way we live today by spreading through all areas of life, including the dangerous demographic aging crisis and the subsequent decline of jobs. For a company to increase revenues and cost-effectiveness growth should be customer-centered and agile within an organization. WSN-IoT networks have simultaneously faced threats, such as sniffing, spoofing, and intruders. However, WSN-IoT networks are often made up of multiple embedded devices (sensors and actuators) with limited resources that are joined via various connections in a low-power and lossy manner.
  • 423
  • 11 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Convolutional Neural Network in the Medical Imaging
Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), commonly known as ConvNet, is one of the common types of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) that comes under the supervised method category. This method is known for its ability to discover and interpret patterns. This pattern detection brings up the usefulness of CNN for image analysis. 
  • 709
  • 10 Apr 2023
  • Page
  • of
  • 371
Featured Entry Collections
>>

Featured Books

>>
Encyclopedia of Social Sciences
Encyclopedia of COVID-19
Encyclopedia of Fungi
Encyclopedia of Digital Society, Industry 5.0 and Smart City
Video Production Service
Feedback