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Topic Review
Web-Based Serious Games and Accessibility
The entries consolidate the main concepts about serious web-based games; the characterization of serious games, accessibility, accessibility guidelines and types of disabilities, and the findings found after reviewing the literature.
  • 833
  • 18 Nov 2020
Topic Review
Slack
Slack is a messaging program designed specifically for the office, but has also been adopted for personal use. Developed by the Canadian software company Slack Technologies, and now owned by Salesforce, Slack offers many IRC-style features, including persistent chat rooms (channels) organized by topic, private groups, and direct messaging. In addition to these online communication features, Slack integrates with other software.
  • 832
  • 20 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Model Predictive Traffic Control by Bi-Level Optimization
A bi-level model for traffic signal optimization is developed. The model predictive framework is applied for traffic control in an urban traffic network. The potential of the bi-level formalization is used to increase the space of control influences with simultaneous evaluation of the green light and cycle durations. Thus, the increased control space allows more traffic parameters to be considered, such as vehicles queues and traffic flows. A particular modification of the bi-level control is applied for the synchronization of the traffic lights in the network. The model predictive approach is used for the real-time management of the traffic in the network. The control implementations are constrained by the shortest evaluated cycle.
  • 831
  • 11 May 2022
Topic Review
Convolution (Computer Science)
In computer science, specifically formal languages, convolution (sometimes referred to as zip) is a function which maps a tuple of sequences into a sequence of tuples. This name zip derives from the action of a zipper in that it interleaves two formerly disjoint sequences. The reverse function is unzip which performs a deconvolution.
  • 828
  • 28 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Data-Driven Predictive Maintenance
Cyber-physical systems in Industry 4.0 are reforming conventional decision-making processes, mainly through integrating entities and functionalities via telecommunication systems and intelligent data processing approaches. This reformulation brings new challenges and increases complexity. Nevertheless, these advancements might provide new solutions for typical problems, such as system failures, and thus, for maintenance approaches. Predictive Maintenance (PdM) is a data-based approach that emerged as a prominent field of research among many existing maintenance approaches. We have three main categories in PdM: model-based prognosis, knowledge-based prognosis, and data-driven prognosis. Data-driven PdM strategies appeared with great prominence and importance both in industry and academia.
  • 828
  • 28 Sep 2021
Topic Review
BSAVE (Bitmap Format)
A BSAVE Image (aka "BSAVED Image") as it is referenced in a graphics program is an image file format created usually by saving raw video memory to disk (sometimes but not always in a BASIC program using the BSAVE command). The BASIC BSAVE command is a general command meant for dumping ranges of memory addresses to disk. Data could be recalled using the counterpart BLOAD command. Some platforms provided a BRUN command that would immediately attempt to execute the loaded RAM image as a program. BSAVE was in general use as a file format when the IBM PC was introduced. It was also in general use on the Apple II in the same time period. Although the commands were available on the Commodore PET line, they were removed from the later (and more popular) Commodore 64 and VIC-20 computers. In 1985 the Commodore 128 was released with Commodore BASIC version 7.0 which restored the BSAVE and BLOAD commands.
  • 827
  • 22 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Secure Bluetooth Communication in Smart Healthcare Systems
Smart health presents an ever-expanding attack surface due to the continuous adoption of a broad variety of Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) devices and applications. IoMT is a common approach to smart city solutions that deliver long-term benefits to critical infrastructures, such as smart healthcare. Many of the IoMT devices in smart cities use Bluetooth technology for short-range communication due to its flexibility, low resource consumption, and flexibility. As smart healthcare applications rely on distributed control optimization, artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning (DL) offer effective approaches to mitigate cyber-attacks. 
  • 827
  • 21 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Interface Design Patterns for In-Vehicle Infotainment Systems
An in-vehicle infotainment system, or IVIS, corresponds to the set of components used to provide information and entertainment to the driver and other passengers in the vehicle, through interfaces supported with audio and video, control elements such as touch screens, central panels with buttons, voice commands, among others. These kind of IVISs bring with them a world full of interaction opportunities for both the driver and other passengers to complete driving-related tasks and other secondary activities mostly related to entertainment that complement the in-vehicle experience. However, the increase in the number of components provided by this type of system, and even the design under which these elements are distributed, can cause the user–vehicle interaction to increase the complexity of the experience, and therefore, it could make it difficult to carry out secondary tasks and, in a worse scenario, affect safety while driving.
  • 827
  • 22 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Multimodal Segmentation Techniques in Autonomous Driving
Semantic Segmentation has become one of the key steps toward scene understanding, especially in autonomous driving scenarios. In the standard formulation, Semantic Segmentation uses only data from color cameras, which suffer significantly in dim lighting or adverse weather conditions. A solution to this problem is the use of multiple heterogeneous sensors (e.g., depth and thermal cameras or LiDARs) as the input to machine learning approaches tackling this task, allowing to cover for the shortcomings of color cameras and to extract a more resilient representation of the scene.
  • 826
  • 15 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Applications of Deep Reinforcement Learning in Other Industries
Reinforcement Learning (RL) is an approach to simulate the human’s natural learning process, whose key is to let the agent learn by interacting with the stochastic environment. 
  • 826
  • 29 Nov 2021
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