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Topic Review
Unmanned Ground Vehicles
Unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) have great potential in the application of both civilian and military fields, and have become the focus of research in many countries. Environmental perception technology is the foundation of UGVs, which is of great significance to achieve a safer and more efficient performance.
  • 3.0K
  • 22 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Surface Defect Detection
Automated visual inspection (AVI) instrument targeting on surface quality emerges as a standard configuration for metal planar materials (e.g., steel, aluminum, copper plates and strips, etc.) to improve product quality and promote production efficiency. A general AVI instrument provides two main functions of defect detection and classification. The former detection process recognizes defective regions from normal background without identifying what types of defects they are. The latter process is dedicated to identify and label detected defects to support finishing product grading. The classification accuracy is directly determined by the precision of defect detection; thus, the overall performance of an AVI system is mainly limited by the accuracy, time efficiency, and robustness of various algorithms in the process of defect detection. Both two-dimensional and three-dimensional surface defect detection technologies are used for defect detection. According to the algorithm properties, the existing two-dimensional methodologies are categorized into four groups: statistical, spectral, model, and machine learning-based methods. On the basis of three-dimensional data acquisition, the three-dimensional technologies are divided into stereoscopic vision, photometric stereo, laser scanner, and structured light measurement methods. 
  • 1.3K
  • 18 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Microencapsulation
Microencapsulation is a well-known technology for the lipid delivery system. It prevents the oxidation of fatty acids and maintains the quality of lipid after extraction from oil seed and processing. In flaxseed oil, the amount of ω-3 and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids are 39.90–60.42% and 12.25–17.44%, respectively.
  • 1.8K
  • 18 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Composite Material Recycling Technology
The recycling of fiber reinforced composite materials will therefore play an important role in the future, in particular for the wind energy, but also for aerospace, automotive, construction and marine sectors to reduce environmental impacts and to meet the demand.
  • 1.5K
  • 18 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Digital Twins for Additive Manufacturing
A brief state-of-the-art  introduction of digital twins for additive manufacturing.
  • 2.1K
  • 17 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Opening Paths for Sustainable Businesses
This entry aims to identify and analyse the Scientific Technical Scenary on Corporate Sustainability (STS-CS) and propose a three-way Helix-based structure for its development and guidance on future scientific and technological investments. The study was developed using a combined method of bibliometric analysis and analysis of the content of scientific articles and technical publications (patents, white papers, publications of public bodies, etc.). The scientific articles were researched in the Scopus database and technical publications on the Orbit Intelligence, ProQuest and UN Global Compact platforms. The STS-CS was analysed in the light of scientific and technical literature and the experience of the authors of the study.
  • 568
  • 10 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Flux-Modulated Permanent Magnet Machines
High torque density is a desirable feature of electrical machines used in traction applications, such as electric vehicle (EV)/hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) propulsion, wind turbines, more electric air-crafts, etc. The flux-modulated permanent magnet (FMPM) machine is considered as one of the most promising candidates to achieve high torque density. The incorporated gearing effect is ideal in reducing the rotating speed and amplifying the output torque of the FMPM machines.
  • 2.3K
  • 02 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Mobile Augmented Reality Maintenance Assistant
The integration of exponential technologies in the traditional manufacturing processes constitutes a noteworthy trend of the past two decades, aiming to reshape the industrial environment. This kind of digital transformation, which is driven by the Industry 4.0 initiative, not only affects the individual manufacturing assets, but the involved human workforce, as well. Since human operators should be placed in the centre of this revolution, they ought to be endowed with onew tools and through-engineering solutions that improve their efficiency. In addition, vivid visualization techniques must be utilized, in order to support them during their daily operations in an auxiliary and comprehensive way. Towards this end, we describe a user-centered methodology, which utilizes augmented reality (AR) and computer vision (CV) techniques, supporting low-skilled operators in the maintenance procedures. The described mobile augmented reality maintenance assistant (MARMA) makes use of the handheld’s camera and locates the asset on the shop floor and generates AR maintenance instructions. 
  • 772
  • 01 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Human Emotion Recognition
Automated emotion recognition (AEE) is important issue in the various field of activities, which uses human emotional reaction as a signal for marketing, technical equipment or human-robot interaction. Paper analyzes vast layer of scientific research and technical papers for sensor use analysis, where various methods implemented or researched. Paper cover few classes of sensors, using contactless methods, contact and skin-penetrating electrodes with for human emotion detection and measurement of their intensity. Result of performed analysis in this paper presented applicable methods for each type of emotions or their intensity and proposed their classification. Provided classification of emotion sensors revealed area of application and expected outcome from each method as well as noticed limitation of them. This paper should be interested for researchers, needed to use of human emotion evaluation and analysis, when there is a need to choose proper method for their purposes or find alternative decision.
  • 1.9K
  • 27 Jan 2021
Topic Review
Calcium Carbonate
Technologies for the management of various types of waste and the production of useful products from them are currently widely studied. Both carbon dioxide and calcium-rich waste from various production processes are problematic wastes that can be used to produce calcium carbonate. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to provide an overview about the state of the development of processes that use these two wastes to obtain a valuable CaCO3 powder.
  • 1.2K
  • 15 Dec 2020
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