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Topic Review
Challenges of Adopting Artificial Intelligence to Industry 4.0
Corroborating with Industry 4.0, Artificial Intelligence (AI) emerges as a field of computer science that aims to develop systems capable of performing tasks that require human intelligence, such as learning, reasoning, perception, language, and decision-making. The adoption of Artificial Intelligence technologies in Industry 4.0 emerges as a problematic issue due to the challenges of various characteristics that hinder or limit this adoption.
  • 325
  • 28 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Chemical and Physical Properties of Solid Salt Fluxes
Solid salt fluxes are inorganic compounds that are added during the treatment of molten aluminum to improve the final quality. An understanding of the chemical composition of the flux is essential for the assessment of the physical and chemical behavior of the flux. The chemical composition of the flux can be tailored to adjust properties such as density, viscosity, reactivity, and wettability. Such properties, in turn, will impart different functions to the flux. 
  • 809
  • 05 May 2023
Topic Review
Circular Economy Implementation
The circular economy, as a promising response to sustainability issues, is a crucible for carefully designed ecofriendly actions and integrative mechanisms in enterprises, households, and societies for the attainment of the desired outcomes. It is in this context that CE strategies are examined, with the use of metrics, indicators, and standards. The desired outcomes of the CE are well embedded and articulated in the sustainable development goals that the UN and its member countries have vowed to achieve along a designated timeline.
  • 417
  • 15 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Circular Economy, Industry 4.0 and Supply Chain
The vertical disintegration of companies has increased the complexity of management in terms of time and quality and increased uncertainty in the markets, making it impossible today for companies to compete effectively if they are isolated from their suppliers and other stakeholders. In this context, adopting the concept of supply chains (SCs) is increasingly essential for a company’s performance. Moreover, two themes are being increasingly discussed in the context of SCs, the circular economy (CE) and Industry 4.0 (I4.0). The CE paradigm consists of a possible way to achieve environmental objectives and economic sustainability by developing systemic changes that go beyond the individual company and involve the other actors in the SC, contributing to adding value to a product and/or service
  • 440
  • 26 May 2022
Topic Review
Circular Product Readiness Method
Design indicators can be used by companies to track circular design implementation, which can yield insights into their performance and opportunities for improvement. Existing indicator methods either lack depth with regard to circular design, are incomplete, or do not use design semantics.
  • 328
  • 24 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Closed-Loop Supply Chain
A CLSC can be defined as “a supply chain system entailing design and implementation for enhancing the useful value throughout the product life cycle while dynamically extracting value from different returned products”[1].
  • 2.9K
  • 23 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Collaborative Networks in the Logistics Sector
Collaborative networks in the logistics sector have proven to be a solution that both meets environmental footprint reduction goals and addresses the impact of rising fuel prices on logistics companies, especially for small- and medium-sized enterprises. Despite these benefits, these collaborative networks have not received the desired amount of participation due to reputational risk. 
  • 324
  • 12 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Competitive Swimwear
Competitive swimwear refers to the swimsuit, clothing, equipment, and accessories used in the aquatic sports of swimming, diving, synchronized swimming, triathlon, and water polo. Some swimsuits are designed specifically for swimming competitions where they may be constructed of a special low resistance fabric that reduces skin drag. For some kinds of swimming and diving, special bodysuits called "diveskins" are worn. These suits are made from spandex and provide little thermal protection, but they do protect the skin from stings and abrasion. Most competitive swimmers also wear special swimsuits including partial bodysuits, racerback styles, jammers and racing briefs to assist their glide through the water thus gaining a speed advantage. Unlike regular swimsuits, which are designed mainly for the aesthetic appearances, swimsuits designed to be worn during competitions are manufactured to assist the athlete in swim competitions. They reduce friction and drag in the water, increasing the efficiency of the swimmer's forward motion. The tight fits allow for easy movement and are said to reduce muscle vibration, thus reducing drag. This also reduces the possibility that a high forwards dive will remove a divers swimwear. Starting around 2000, in an effort to improve the effectiveness of the swimsuits, engineers have taken to designing them to replicate the skin of sea-based animals, sharks in particular. In July 2009, FINA voted to ban non-textile (non-woven) swimsuits in competitive events from 2010. The new policy was implemented to combat the issues associated with performance enhancing swimsuits, hindering the ability to accurately measure the performance of swimmers. Subsequently, the new ruling states that men's swimsuits may maximally cover the area from the navel to the knee, and women's counterparts from the shoulder to the knee. Some swimmers use a specialized training suit called drag suits to artificially increase drag during practice. Drag suits are swimwear with an outer layer of looser fabric – often mesh or nylon – to increase resistance against the water and build up the swimmer's endurance. They come in a variety of styles, but most resemble a looser fitting square-cut or swim brief.
  • 749
  • 06 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Composite Material Recycling Technology
The recycling of fiber reinforced composite materials will therefore play an important role in the future, in particular for the wind energy, but also for aerospace, automotive, construction and marine sectors to reduce environmental impacts and to meet the demand.
  • 1.3K
  • 18 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Composition and Combustion Characteristics of LCIG
To address the high energy demand in the industrialized world and achieve the goal of carbon neutralization, it is also important to make efficient use of low calorific industrial gases (LCIG), in addition to developing the advanced combustion technology of non-carbon fuels such as hydrogen and ammonia.
  • 195
  • 13 Dec 2022
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