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Topic Review
Bitumen Aging and Rejuvenation Chemistry
Bitumen aging and rejuvenation include a series of chemical transformations that the material undergoes and that results in the variation of its physical characteristics.
  • 2.7K
  • 30 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Blade for Offshore Floating Wind Turbine Model
The Froude-scaled offshore floating wind turbine model is inevitably affected by the Reynolds number effect, making the model unable to correctly reproduce the thrust performance of the reference wind turbine (RWT). To solve this problem, an Xfoil-AirfoilPrep-Matlab (XAM) system and a wide tip speed ratio search method (WTSM) are proposed to design a wide tip speed ratio (TSR) thrust-match model blade. The XAM system is utilized to select the best airfoil for WTSM by calculating the lift and drag coefficients of several airfoils. The WTSM is utilized to optimize the blade chord and twist. It formalizes the blade chord and twist by polynomials and then optimizes the polynomial coefficients. The thrust coefficients construct the optimization object at different TSRs. For validating the effect of the redesigned blade, the thrust performance is compared to that of the RWT blade. In addition, the thrust performance of redesigned blade at different pitch angles is also calculated and compared to those of the RWT blade. Results show that the thrust performance of redesigned blade matches well with that of the RWT blade at 0 pitch angle, and it can also match the variations of that of the RWT blade at the other pitch angles well.
  • 437
  • 08 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Blancpain
Blancpain SA (French pronunciation: ​[blɑ̃pɛ̃]) is a Swiss luxury watch manufacturer, headquartered in Paudex/Le Brassus, Switzerland . It designs, manufactures, distributes, and sells prestige and luxury mechanical watches. Founded by Jehan-Jacques Blancpain in Villeret, Switzerland in 1735, Blancpain is the oldest surviving watchmaking brand in the world. Blancpain has been a subsidiary of the Swiss Swatch Group since 1992, and is regarded as a top-tier Swatch brand. It is best known for its Fifty Fathoms diving watch introduced in 1953 and its 1735 Grande Complication wristwatch introduced in 1991.
  • 1.6K
  • 16 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Blended Learning
Blended learning is an approach to education that combines online educational materials and opportunities for interaction online with traditional place-based classroom methods. It requires the physical presence of both teacher and student, with some elements of student control over time, place, path, or pace. While students still attend "brick-and-mortar" schools with a teacher present, face-to-face classroom practices are combined with computer-mediated activities regarding content and delivery. Blended learning is also used in professional development and training settings. Since blended learning is highly context-dependent, a universal conception of it is difficult. Some reports have claimed that a lack of consensus on a hard definition of blended learning has led to difficulties in research on its effectiveness. A well-cited 2013 study broadly defined blended learning as a mixture of online and in-person delivery where the online portion effectively replaces some of the face-to-face contact time rather than supplementing it. Additionally, a 2015 meta-analysis that historically looked back at a comprehensive review of evidence-based research studies around blended learning, found commonalities in defining that blended learning was "considered a combination of traditional f2f [face to face] modes of instruction with online modes of learning, drawing on technology-mediated instruction, where all participants in the learning process are separated by distance some of the time." This report also found that all of these evidence-based studies concluded that student achievement was higher in blended learning experiences when compared to either fully online or fully face-to-face learning experiences. "Blended learning" is sometimes used in the same breath as "personalized learning" and differentiated instruction.
  • 3.6K
  • 17 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Bloch Wave – MoM Method
Bloch wave – MoM is a first principles technique for determining the photonic band structure of triply-periodic electromagnetic media such as photonic crystals. It is based on the 3-dimensional spectral domain method, specialized to triply-periodic media. This technique uses the method of moments (MoM) in combination with a Bloch wave expansion of the electromagnetic field to yield a matrix eigenvalue equation for the propagation bands. The eigenvalue is the frequency (for a given propagation constant) and the eigenvector is the set of current amplitudes on the surface of the scatterers. Bloch wave - MoM is similar in principle to the plane wave expansion method, but since it additionally employs the method of moments to produce a surface integral equation, it is significantly more efficient both in terms of the number of unknowns and the number of plane waves needed for good convergence. Bloch wave - MoM is the extension to 3 dimensions of the spectral domain MoM method commonly used for analyzing 2D periodic structures such as frequency selective surfaces (FSS). In both cases, the field is expanded as a set of eigenfunction modes (either a Bloch wave in 3D or a discrete plane wave - aka Floquet mode - spectrum in 2D), and an integral equation is enforced on the surface of the scatterers in each unit cell. In the FSS case, the unit cell is 2-dimensional and in the photonic crystal case, the unit cell is 3-dimensional.
  • 232
  • 13 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Blockchain and Energy Internet
Emergence of the Energy Internet (EI) demands restructuring of traditional electricity grids to integrate heterogeneous energy sources, distribution network management with grid intelligence and big data management. This paradigm shift is considered to be a breakthrough in the energy industry towards facilitating autonomous and decentralized grid operations while maximizing the utilization of Distributed Generation (DG). Blockchain has been identified as a disruptive technology enabler for the realization of EI to facilitate reliable, self-operated energy delivery. 
  • 663
  • 12 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Blockchain and P2P Energy Trading in India
Advancing the sustainable energy transition is a major need in nations that are constantly evolving and developing in terms of their energy economy. India has been chosen for the purpose of analysis due to the heterogenous nature of its polity, topographies, infrastructural capabilities and diverse framework. Blockchain technology that facilitates a transparent transition is incorporated on various upcoming platforms. This is backed up by peer-to-peer trading of energy providing a prosumer with an autonomous environment.
  • 432
  • 26 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Blockchain for Revolutionary Maritime Evolution
The nautical sector is progressively transitioning towards a digital framework, aiming to harness collective benefits. This evolution involves integrating disparate existing systems into more unified, scalable platforms. Yet, this shift encounters several obstacles. In response, it is proposed to employ cutting-edge technologies like blockchain, which resonate well with the industry's requisites. The study adopts a comprehensive approach, intertwining an array of sources including scholarly literature, online data, practical applications, and industry projects, to illuminate blockchain's contributions and its potential applications. It further investigate its applicability, drawing parallels and projections from other industries. Moreover, the research delves into the challenges and proposes viable solutions. This inquiry serves as an initial exploration into blockchain's integration in the maritime realm, endorsing its transformative potential. The outcomes of this study are anticipated to be valuable for academics, policy strategists, and industry professionals in the maritime field.
  • 157
  • 23 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Blockchain Implementation Challenges for Sustainable Supply Chains
Blockchain technology (BT) has attracted a lot of interest and buzz as a revolutionary innovation. Organizations are now thinking about implementing this technology because of its upsides. Cost reductions, improved accountability and traceability, and increased sustainability are some possible advantages that have been highlighted. Even though most fortune businesses have considered blockchain, the investment has significantly decreased. While blockchain technology has generated considerable interest and promise, the significant drop in investment among large firms can be attributed to several factors, including the technology’s complexity and uncertainty, evolving regulatory challenges, the need for a clear return on investment, and competing priorities within organizations. As technology matures and demonstrates its usefulness in specific use cases, we may see an expansion of giant corporations’ investment in blockchain, yet more measured and strategic.
  • 130
  • 28 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Blockchain in Revolutionizing the Agricultural Sector
Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT)/blockchain is an intriguing new technology that has the potential to be a game-changer, and, in general, DLT are tamper-resistant and time-stamped databases. They allow several parties to capture, validate, and distribute data over a network in a decentralized, synchronized, and transparent manner, with minimal human participation and intermediate processes. The application of blockchain agriculture is still in the early stage, although there are ongoing research, projects, and initiatives to gain the most benefits of introducing blockchain-based technology in agriculture. These ongoing processes are centered around topics such as traceability, transparency, creditability, and auditability of agricultural data via blockchain based technology. Moreover, they are developing useful models or applications that can be used to improve the performance of the agriculture sector.
  • 703
  • 07 Apr 2022
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