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Topic Review
Hazards of the Ammonia Bunkering Process
Ammonia is thought to be a potential alternative for hydrogen storage in the future, allowing for CO2-free energy systems. Ammonia’s beneficial characteristics with regard to hydrogen storage include its high volumetric hydrogen density, low storage pressure, and long-term stability. However, ammonia is characterized by toxicity, flammability, and corrosiveness, making safety a challenge compared to other alternative fuels. In specific circumstances, leakage from ammonia bunkering can cause risks, dispersion, and unsafe areas due to its flammability and toxicity. To avoid dispersion, fire, and explosion hazards on ships, it is crucial to conduct thorough risk analyses.
  • 723
  • 30 May 2023
Topic Review
HBIM between Antiquity and Industrial Archaeology
Industrial heritage with secular production activity constitutes a specific field of application to refine digital tools for knowledge within the HBIM (Heritage Building Information Modeling) process. Industrial sites are traditionally linked to the exploitation of local resources, and, not infrequently, are settled by recovering the ruins of ancient buildings and monuments. There is the possibility of creating a diachronic HBIM to investigate a complex industrial heritage, its evolution and production phases, modeling components for this type of architecture, with the deepening of the LOD of BIM (Building Information Modeling) instances applied to machines. The application represents an augmented knowledge process applicable on industrial heritage through modeling instances of machines and industrial processes that would allow regional and transnational cross-sectional studies and the enhancement of fruition and reuse of these sites.
  • 573
  • 01 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Head–Neck Cancer Delineation
Head–Neck Cancer (HNC) has a relevant impact on the oncology patient population and for this reason, the present review is dedicated to this type of neoplastic disease. In particular, a collection of methods aimed at tumor delineation is presented, because this is a fundamental task to perform efficient radiotherapy. 
  • 464
  • 01 Apr 2021
Topic Review
Healing Performance Assessment of Concrete Using Machine Learning
Bacterial-based self-healing concrete (BSHC) is a well-known healing technology which has been investigated for a few decades for its excellent crack healing capacity. The healing performance (HP) of BSHC can be predicted using machine learning (ML) approaches to save the time and cost of laboratory tests, bacteria selection and healing mechanisms adoption. 
  • 434
  • 12 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Health Benefits of Promote Walking in Urban Areas
The transportation sector contributes significantly to global warming, as well as to urban fabric problems such as traffic congestion, traffic accidents, noise pollution, and air pollution. A shift from fossil fuels to renewable sources and from motorized to non-motorized modes is now considered essential to create sustainable communities. Walking is a sustainable transport mode and several studies have focused on factors affecting it, including travel behavior and sociodemographics.
  • 335
  • 19 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Healthy Building in China
Healthy buildings are a deep-level development of green buildings, which can effectively help relieve stress and improve occupants’ physical and mental health. In addition, they are is likely to play an important role in preventing the spread of respiratory infectious diseases. Therefore, healthy buildings have attracted worldwide attention. The development of healthy buildings in China is quite different from that of other countries and has its own characteristics with many factors, such as project implementation, environmental pollution, and social issues affecting healthy buildings development in China. 
  • 896
  • 28 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Healthy Construction in the Modern Building Industry
The health of humans and the planet are the most vital contemporary issues and essential components of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The goals here are to implement sustainable and circular strategies as checking criteria for health through an example of an uncomplicated toolkit.
  • 520
  • 25 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Hearing Protection Device
A hearing protection device, also known as a HPD, is an ear protection device worn in or over the ears while exposed to hazardous noise to help prevent noise-induced hearing loss. HPDs reduce the level of the noise entering the ear. HPDs can also protect against other effects of noise exposure such as tinnitus and hyperacusis. There are many different types of HPDs available for use, including earmuffs, earplugs, electronic hearing protection devices, and semi-insert devices.
  • 323
  • 14 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Heart Digital Twin
Today’s healthcare facilities require new digital tools to cope with the rapidly increasing demand for technology that can support healthcare operators. The advancement of technology is leading to the pervasive use of IoT devices in daily life, capable of acquiring biomedical and biometric parameters, and providing an opportunity to activate new tools for the medical community. Digital twins (DTs) are a form of technology that are gaining more prominence in these scenarios. The heart DT is proposed for the evaluation of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals by means of an artificial intelligence component.
  • 354
  • 12 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Heart Rate Monitoring of Livestock
For all homoeothermic living organisms, heart rate (HR) is a core variable to control the metabolic energy production in the body, which is crucial to realize essential bodily functions. Consequently, HR monitoring is becoming increasingly important in research of farm animals, not only for production efficiency, but also for animal welfare. Real-time HR monitoring for humans has become feasible though there are still shortcomings for continuously accurate measuring. This paper is an effort to estimate whether it is realistic to get a continuous HR sensor for livestock that can be used for long term monitoring. The review provides the reported techniques to monitor HR of living organisms by emphasizing their principles, advantages, and drawbacks. Various properties and capabilities of these techniques are compared to check the potential to transfer the mostly adequate sensor technology of humans to livestock in term of application. Based upon this review, we conclude that the photoplethysmographic (PPG) technique seems feasible for implementation in livestock. Therefore, we present the contributions to overcome challenges to evolve to better solutions. Our study indicates that it is realistic today to develop a PPG sensor able to be integrated into an ear tag for mid-sized and larger farm animals for continuously and accurately monitoring their HRs.
  • 899
  • 16 Nov 2020
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