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Topic Review
Discrete Element Method in Soil–Plant–Machine Interactions
The discrete element method (DEM) is a promising numerical method that can simulate dynamic behaviors of particle systems at micro levels of individual particles and at macro levels of bulk material.
  • 275
  • 10 May 2023
Topic Review
Battery Life Prediction Methods Based on Electrochemical Models
Remaining useful life prediction is of great significance for battery safety and maintenance. The remaining useful life prediction method, based on a physical model, has wide applicability and high prediction accuracy, which is the research hotspot of the next generation battery life prediction method. An electrochemical model is a model built by simulating the electrochemical reaction process of a battery. It describes the laws of the cell from the point of view of internal physical and chemical processes including kinetic parameters, mass conversion processes, thermodynamic properties, mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of materials.
  • 425
  • 10 May 2023
Topic Review
Concentrating Photovoltaic Thermal Technology
Concentrating photovoltaic thermal (CPVT) technology has the potential to support the industrial sector with renewable electricity and heat simultaneously. The implementation of spectral splitting emerges as a possible approach to significantly increase the conversion efficiency, and furthermore, to hurdle the fundamental discrepancy of CPVT systems, that the electrical and the thermal receiver part have opposing temperature requirements.
  • 307
  • 10 May 2023
Topic Review
Basic Oxygen Furnace Slag Characteristics and Properties
Basic oxygen furnace slag is an significant environmental liability produced by the steel industry, considering the volume of material produced and its specific physical and chemical characteristics. To further understand the advantages and limitations of BOF slag aggregate and to establish its role in the replacement of natural sand in Portland cement concrete, the slag was characterized in depth in terms of both its physical and morphological properties.
  • 2.4K
  • 10 May 2023
Topic Review
Speech Features for Schizophrenia
It is known that speech and language provide unique and essential information about human thought. Speech in subjects with schizophrenia is perceived as a negative symptom because it is mainly reflected in a lack of emotion (blunted affect) and poor speech (alogia). Other speech symptoms in schizophrenia include slow speech, reduced pitch variability, more pauses, and less synchronization in syllable variability. Speech production in patients with schizophrenia is usually stimulated via clinical interviews, free speech activities, image description or reading. Free speech can be compromised in people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. Therefore, techniques such as asking patients to report activities or plans for the future, tasks done the previous day, and dreams can be implemented. Narrative of Emotions Tasks can also be used during medical consultation.
  • 818
  • 09 May 2023
Topic Review
Electroencephalography in Schizophrenia
Electroencephalography (EEG) provides a non-invasive tool for the study of the brain’s temporal and spatial register of electric activity. Schizophrenia is a complex and heterogeneous disease, manifesting deficits that underlie many overlapping pathological mechanisms distributed across multiple brain regions. Patients with schizophrenia have sensory processing deficits and high-level attention-dependent cognitive deficits. These deficits can be assessed by the time-locked EEG activity in stimuli called ERPs and extracting the features. EEG oscillations are considered biomarkers or features of complex states in health and schizophrenia persons. The oscillatory activity of the EEG in schizophrenia patients indicates abnormal temporal integration and interregional connectivity of brain networks during neurocognitive function. EEG signal analysis can be performed in the time, frequency, and time–frequency domains.
  • 812
  • 09 May 2023
Topic Review
Smart Grid Control Systems
The development of control techniques in smart grids has its origins mainly in the need to mitigate network failures and changes in power quality. The foregoing is due to economic concerns and the environmental impacts of energy issues in terms of sustainable development. Smart Grids have also contributed to the development and integration of renewable energies into the distributed system since this type of generation source presents intermittent output. These intermittency characteristics of renewable sources and the stochastic behavior of demand make these networks complex systems with types of non-linear control that must be robustly modeled, analyzed, tested, and implemented when considering their operation, safety, reliability, and maintenance.
  • 403
  • 09 May 2023
Topic Review
Dust Removal from Solar Panels Without Using Water
Climate change has increased desertification, which has resulted in the spread of dust and sand particles that negatively affect solar panel efficiency. Solar photovoltaic modules can be affected significantly by dust deposition, affecting their efficiency and performance. Using water-based cleaning methods, however, can be costly and harmful to the environment. Through this project, which extends for a number of years, we are looking for innovative, effective, economical, and sustainable methods that do not depend on water resources for cleaning solar panels. Electrostatic technologies are primarily tested in this project to repel dust particles from the surface of solar panels using electrical charges. Electric charges are created on the panel surface, repelling dust particles and causing them to fall off. In addition to removing dust from solar panels, this method also reduces the need for water-based cleaners.
  • 1.0K
  • 09 May 2023
Topic Review
Silver-Nanoparticle-Impregnated Membranes for Water Treatment
Increased affordability, smaller footprint, and high permeability quality that meets stringent water quality standards have accelerated the uptake of membranes in water treatment. Moreover, low pressure, gravity-based microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF) membranes eliminate the use of electricity and pumps. However, MF and UF processes remove contaminants by size exclusion, based on membrane pore size. This limits their application in the removal of smaller matter or even harmful microorganisms. There is a need to enhance the membrane properties to meet needs such as adequate disinfection, flux amelioration, and reduced membrane fouling. To achieve these, the incorporation of nanoparticles with unique properties in membranes has potential.
  • 389
  • 09 May 2023
Topic Review
Regional Flood Frequency Analysis
Regional flood frequency analysis (RFFA) consists of two principal steps: identification of homogeneous regions and development of regional flood estimation equations.
  • 470
  • 08 May 2023
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