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Topic Review
Additive Manufacturing in Automotive Sector
Triple bottom line (3BL) approaches to sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) often involve trade-offs between their three dimensions (economic, environmental, and social). Under some circumstances, however, synergic approaches (typically involving disruptive innovations) might allow simultaneous improvement in one or more dimensions without compromising the others. This entry analyzes one such case: the potential of properly designed additive manufacturing approaches in the automotive spare parts industry to simultaneously boost profits and reduce environmental impact.It is based on the systematic analysis of the real spare parts business of a mid-size automotive brand in Spain. Its results suggest that such synergic, self-reinforcing opportunities do indeed exist, and might even be further developed by  strategically integrating sustainability constituents, while completely changing the current spare parts' business model. 
  • 694
  • 19 Apr 2021
Topic Review
Additive Manufacturing in Orthopedics
Biomaterial implants are utilized to fix fractures or replace parts of the body. For the majority of these implant cases, either metal or polymer biomaterials are chosen in order to have a similar functional capacity to the original bone material. Additive manufacturing, also known as 3D printing, is a manufacturing technique that creates 3D objects by adding material layer by layer. The use of biodegradable polymers, additive manufacturing, and advanced 3D printing technologies offers promising solutions for improving biocompatibility, mechanical properties, and customization in the development of implants and tissue engineering constructs.
  • 272
  • 15 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Additive Manufacturing Interventions during COVID-19 Pandemic: South Africa
Additive manufacturing (AM), also known as 3D printing, is considered a renaissance of the manufacturing industry. Its unique capability of manufacturing 3D objects with intricate geometrical configurations has been used to produce hospital equipment and personal protective equipment (PPE) in an attempt to curb the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa. The technology has been used by different research units to produce ventilators, respirator face masks, oscillating respiratory devices, oxygen connectors, oxygen splitters, non-invasive ventilation helmets, reusable clinician PPE, visor frames for face shields, etc. Despite the efforts of the AM community in South Africa, COVID-19 infections have continued to increase in the country. It came to light that technological interventions (including AM) alone cannot prevent the spread of the virus without the corresponding adaptive behavioural changes, such as adhering to COVID-19 prevention protocols (washing of hands, social distancing, etc.). It could be postulated that the spread of COVID-19 can only be prevented by inter-marrying the technological interventions (AM) with adaptive behavioural changes. 
  • 368
  • 25 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Additive Manufacturing of Dissimilar Metals and Complex Alloys
With the emergence of additive manufacturing (AM) as one of the promising platforms to realize the needs for digital manufacturing, the deployment of AM a.k.a. 3D printing has experienced a consistent growth across industries from healthcare to energy to defense, to name a few. In AM, a material is fused layer-by-layer in accord with a computer-aided design (CAD) model to achieve a near net-shaped specimen. Amongst the several benefits over the conventional manufacturing processes (such as casting, forging, machining, etc.), AM eliminates the need for tools or dyes and, in a few cases, assembly to make a component. AM is generally classified into several techniques, stereolithography (SLA), powder bed fusion (PBF), direct energy deposition (DED), and material jetting, to list a few. Amongst them, metal AM techniques are particularly intriguing owing to their capabilities in fabricating multicomponent alloy parts; on the other hand, metal AM does need to overcome deep technical challenges associated with the complex solidification cycles and the resultant residual stresses. Nonetheless, products resulting from certain AM processes have demonstrated superior mechanical properties compared to their conventionally processed counterparts.
  • 168
  • 29 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Additive Manufacturing of Earth-Based Materials
Increasing concerns about global warming and its impact on the environment reinforce the need for new materials and technologies. Additive manufacturing has become more relevant due to its potential to build sustainable and more energy-efficient constructions.
  • 167
  • 10 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Additive Manufacturing of High Entropy Alloys
Alloying has been very common practice in materials engineering to fabricate metals of desirable properties for specific applications. Traditionally, a small amount of the desired material is added to the principal metal. However, a new alloying technique emerged in 2004 with the concept of adding several principal elements in or near equi-atomic concentrations. These are popularly known as high entropy alloys (HEAs) which can have a wide composition range.
  • 1.5K
  • 15 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Additive Manufacturing of Magnesium-Based Alloys through Laser-Based Approach
Magnesium alloys continue to be important in the context of modern and lightweight technologies. The increased use of Mg each year indicates a rise in demand for alloys containing Mg. With additive manufacturing (AM), components can be produced directly in a net shape, providing new ideas relating to the new prospects for Mg-based materials. 
  • 1.1K
  • 23 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Additive Manufacturing of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems
The fabrication of MEMS through additive manufacturing processes applied to the microscale is described in detail in this entry, where the presently available building methods are analyzed.
  • 569
  • 29 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Additive Manufacturing of Nanostructured High-Energy Materials
In recent years, there has been explosive growth in interest toward additive manufacturing in many scientific research areas. This can be seen from the increase in the number of publications on this topic, as well as the respective economic indicators; the current additive manufacturing (AM) market size has already exceeded $1300 million. In practice, AM saves time and costs from the design stage to production. Additive manufacturing technologies have been developing for over 30 years. While at the onset, they consisted of relatively simple 3D printing of polymer prototypes, now it is possible to use AM to obtain metallic or non-metallic prototypes or functional products that do not require mechanical post-processing.
  • 639
  • 08 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Additive Manufacturing of Turbine Blades
Additive manufacturing is a technology of transforming a 3D prototype to a physical one directly by successive addition of the required material in a layer-by-layer manner. This technique helps to manufacture the turbine blade which is the revolution of green technology for high temperature engine parts.
  • 3.5K
  • 11 Oct 2022
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