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Topic Review
Brazil’s Formal E-Waste Recycling System
Disruptive innovation has led to the increased obsolescence and accelerated replacement of electrical and electronic equipment, resulting in the rapid growth of waste electrical and electronic equipment (e-waste) worldwide. However, amidst the challenges in e-waste management, the recovery of secondary raw materials from e-waste presents an attractive business opportunity.
  • 217
  • 16 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques
Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) processes are technologies used in the oil and gas industry to maximize the extraction of residual oil from reservoirs after primary and secondary recovery methods have been carried out. EOR processes involve various methods, including thermal, chemical, gas and microbial methods.
  • 112
  • 16 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Human Activity Recognition in Telemedicine
Telemedicine has the potential to improve access and delivery of healthcare to diverse and aging populations. Recent advances in technology allow for remote monitoring of physiological measures such as heart rate, oxygen saturation, blood glucose, and blood pressure. However, the ability to accurately detect falls and monitor physical activity remotely without invading privacy or remembering to wear a costly device remains an ongoing concern. Human activity involves a series of actions carried out by one or more individuals to perform an action or task, such as sitting, lying, walking, standing, and falling. The field of human activity recognition (HAR) has made remarkable advancements. The primary objective of HAR is to discern a user’s behavior, enabling computing systems to accurately classify and measure human activity.
  • 118.9K
  • 15 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Biodegradable Magnesium Alloys for Biomedical Implants
Biomedical devices made from high-modulus and hardness materials play a critical role in enhancing the quality of life for people with bone-related ailments. While these materials have been successfully used in orthopedic applications, concerns including stress-shielding have necessitated the exploration of alternative solutions. An ideal biomedical implant requires a delicate balance of mechanical performance, corrosion resistance, tissue biocompatibility, and other properties such as tribological performance and osseointegration. Materials such as stainless steel, titanium, and cobalt alloys remain non-degradable throughout the implant’s lifespan. In contrast, certain magnesium alloys can be engineered to degrade safely and under controlled conditions within the body.
  • 223
  • 15 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Topology Optimisation Methods for Satellite Structures
Launching satellites into the Earth’s orbit is a critical area of research, and very demanding satellite services increase exponentially as modern society takes shape. At the same time, the costs of developing and launching satellite missions with shorter development times increase the requirements of novel approaches in the several engineering areas required to build, test, launch, and operate satellites in the Earth’s orbit, as well as in orbits around other celestial bodies. One area with the potential to save launching costs is that of the structural integrity of satellites, particularly in the launching phase where the largest vibrations due to the rocket motion and subsequent stresses could impact the survival ability of the satellite. To address this problem, two important areas of engineering join together to provide novel, complete, and competitive solutions: topology optimisation methods and additive manufacturing. Topology optimisation methods are mathematical methods that allow iteratively optimising structures (usually by decreasing mass) while improving some structural properties depending on the application (load capacity, for instance), through the maximisation or minimisation of a uni- or multi-objective function and multiple types of algorithms. This area has been widely active in general and has two main core types of algorithms: continuum methods that modify continuous parameters such as density, and discrete methods that work by adding and deleting material elements in a meshing context. 
  • 200
  • 15 Jan 2024
Topic Review
To Solve Scheduling Problems to Minimize Carbon Footprint
Effective scheduling is an important method proposed by some shop floor engineers and operational analysts to minimize carbon emissions. Scheduling always has a key role in the manufacturing environment and operations management. There is a direct link between the energy consumption of a manufacturing facility and its environmental impact, which is mostly analyzed as a carbon footprint.
  • 125
  • 15 Jan 2024
Topic Review
IoT-Assisted Vehicle Route Optimization for Solid Waste Collection
The efficient collection of municipal solid waste poses a significant challenge for the prospective development of smart cities. Using Internet of Things (IoT) technology enables the detection of various kinds of waste-related information, facilitating the implementation of a comprehensive plan for efficient waste collection.
  • 137
  • 15 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Prediction of Bike Sharing Demand and Design
As a consequence of the persistent trend towards urbanization, cities suffer from negative externalities (traffic congestion, air pollution, noise, etc.) caused by the increase in urban mobility. Since motorized individual transport comprises a sizable proportion of those negative effects, policymakers consider the promotion of active mobility (i.e., walking and cycling) as a way to address the key challenges of growing urban transport. In this regard, bike sharing systems have gained popularity, as they provide a sustainable and affordable alternative to motorized vehicles. Therefore, these systems are increasingly implemented in cities around the world.
  • 140
  • 15 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Discrimination Methods of Mine Inrush Water Source
Ensuring mining safety and efficiency relies heavily on identifying the source of mine water inrush. The standard methods used to pinpoint the origin of mine water inrush are systematically classified into various categories, encompassing hydrochemistry examination, water level and temperature analysis, geostatistical approaches, machine learning and deep learning methods, as well as the utilization of other analytical techniques. 
  • 134
  • 15 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Tribology of HEAs Prepared by Spark Plasma Sintering
High-entropy alloys (HEAs) are prospective advanced materials for the production of components that operate at high, severe friction and in high-temperature environments. This is because they possess unique properties requisite for such applications. The tribology of HEAs is described. The exploits of wear-resistant HEAs, the development techniques of wear-resistant HEAs, challenges in developing wear-resistant HEAs, and so on, are included.
  • 597
  • 12 Jan 2024
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