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Topic Review
Semiochemicals and Entomopathogenic Microbials
Biological control agents and semiochemicals have become essential parts of the integrated pest management of insect pests over the last several years, as the incorporation of semiochemicals with natural enemies and entomopathogenic microbials has been gaining significance. Semiochemicals can enable the successful dispersal of entomopathogenic microbials. Using semiochemicals to disseminate microbial pathogens is still at the initial stage. For dispersal of entomopathogenic fungus semiochemicals have been successfully used in field conditions, however same can not be said about the other microbials such as  specially for bacterial and viral entomopathogens. 
  • 1.1K
  • 30 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Rusty Grain Beetle
Cryptolestes ferrugineus, the rusty grain beetle, is a cosmopolitan pest that has adapted to cool and warm climates due to its unique biology, ecology, and behavior. The rusty grain beetle is a pest of high economic importance; hence, understanding their biology, ecology, and behavior could be useful in designing effective management strategies.
  • 324
  • 23 Aug 2023
Topic Review
RNAi for Western Corn Rootworm Management
The western corn rootworm (WCR), Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, is an annual pest of maize in the United States Corn Belt. Larval feeding on the root system can promote significant yield loss through reduced water and nutrient uptake and decreased plant stability. Various management tactics, including crop rotation, insecticides, and transgenic crops expressing Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner proteins, have been used to manage WCR densities. However, resistance has evolved to each of these tactics in local areas, highlighting the need for new management strategies. The use of RNA interference (RNAi) technology for WCR management represents the next phase of species-specific pest management. 
  • 346
  • 14 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Reference Genes for Transcriptional Profiling in Cockroaches
The German cockroach, Blattella germanica, and the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana are the most common and synanthropic household pests of interest to public health. While they have increasingly served as model systems in hemimetabolous insects for studying many biological issues, there is still a lack of stable reference gene evaluation for reliable quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) outputs and functional genomics.
  • 456
  • 02 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Potential Applications of Silkworm Pupae
The nutritional composition of silkworms will likely have multiple implications for humans, animals, and the environment. The silkworm pupae attracted interest due to lipids and protein profiles. Furthermore, the valuable level of the essential fatty acids (alpha-linolenic and linoleic from the n-3 and n-6 family) results in significant physiological functions in the human body that support good health.
  • 311
  • 21 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Post-Harvest Insect Management Practices in Ethiopia
Ethiopian subsistence farmers traditionally store their grain harvests, leaving them open to storage pests and fungi that can cause contamination of major staple crops. Applying the most effective strategy requires a precise understanding of the insect species, infestation rates, storage losses, and storage conditions in the various types of farmers’ grain stores.
  • 651
  • 28 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Plant Volatile-Sensing Mechanism of Insects
Plants and insects are engaged in a tight relationship, with phytophagous insects often utilizing volatile organic substances released by host plants to find food and egg-laying sites. Using plant volatiles as attractants for integrated pest management is vital due to its high efficacy and low environmental toxicity. Using naturally occurring plant volatiles combined with insect olfactory mechanisms to select volatile molecules for screening has proved an effective method for developing plant volatile-based attractant technologies.
  • 73
  • 17 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Phylosymbiotic Relationship between Insects and Symbionts
Insects harbor diverse assemblages of bacterial and fungal symbionts, which play crucial roles in host life history. Insects and their various symbionts represent a good model for studying host–microbe interactions. Phylosymbiosis is used to describe an eco-evolutionary pattern, providing a new cross-system trend in the research of host-associated microbiota. The phylosymbiosis pattern is characterized by a significant positive correlation between the host phylogeny and microbial community dissimilarities.
  • 115
  • 15 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Phenological Mapping of Invasive Insects
Phenological maps can depict the development and seasonal activities (phenology) of invasive insects at area-wide scales, such as counties, states, or entire nations. When regularly updated using real-time and forecast climate data, these maps may improve the timeliness of early detection and control tactics that target specific life stages. Rapid responses to invasive insects may increase the likelihood that populations are eradicated or controlled before they can spread or increase in size. Phenological maps may also be used to assess pest establishment risk, investigate pest–host interactions, and measure climate-driven changes in pest phenology.
  • 138
  • 29 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Organic Insect Pest Management
The Federal National Organic Program (NOP) guidelines for insect pest management can be viewed as constraining to certified organic growers due to the disallowance of certain tactics such as synthetic insecticides and transgenically derived pest resistant crops. The types of insect pest management tactics that are promoted by the NOP require in-depth entomological knowledge for successful management such as pheromone disruption, augmentation and conservation biological control. There are significant gaps in the Federal NOP guideline recommendations, such as insect identification and population monitoring, that if included could aid in grower adoption of practices that inform better decision making and efficacy. This review promotes the idea that these issues can be overcome by utilizing experiential learning programs to educate growers and paid professionals like those who are a part of the California system of state licensed Pest Control Advisors (PCA) and having those paid advisors provide much needed individualized, hands-on grower guidance. If the PCA or paid professional is regarded as a valued partner in the educational and extension process of addressing pest management issues, they can be an effective advocate, educator, mentor and assessor for the growers; ultimately reaching more growers to ensure effective adoption and use of a variety of management tactics. This model has the capacity to achieve the NOP's philosophical goal of a production system managed to respond to site-specific conditions by integrating cultural, biological and mechanical practices for effective pest management.
  • 537
  • 22 Feb 2021
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