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Topic Review
Gender Differences in Parkinson’s Disease
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disease that is responsible for cognitive impairment, non-motor, and motor symptoms, which has been found to significantly affect health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The gender differences of the health-related quality of life of subjects with Parkinson’s disease have been observed in a number of studies.
  • 851
  • 04 Jun 2021
Topic Review
TG-Rich Lipoproteins
Very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and chylomicrons, which are known as TG-rich lipoproteins (TRLs), are spherical particles with core lipids (TG and cholesterol esters), phospholipids, free cholesterol, and surface apolipoproteins. The origins of TGs are generally exogenous or endogenous. Exogenous TG is mostly obtained from daily diet and transported within chylomicrons, while endogenous TG circulates in VLDL and is mostly formed in the hepatobiliary system.
  • 851
  • 07 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Edible food plants Hepatoprotective Potential
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is one type of liver disease, causing a global healthcare problem and mortality. The liver undergoes tissue damage by chronic alcohol consumption because it is the main site for metabolism of ethanol. Chronic alcohol exposure progresses from alcoholic fatty liver (AFL) to alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH), which further lead to fibrosis, cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular cancer. Therapeutic interventions to combat ALD are very limited such as use of corticosteroids. However, these therapeutic drugs are not effective for long-term usage. Therefore, additional effective and safe therapies to cope with ALD are urgently needed. Previous studies confirmed that edible food plants and their bioactive compounds exert a protective effect against ALD.
  • 851
  • 23 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Pathogenesis of Urinary Tract Infections
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections worldwide, occurring in both community and healthcare settings. Although the clinical symptoms of UTIs are heterogeneous and range from uncomplicated (uUTIs) to complicated (cUTIs), most UTIs are usually treated empirically. Bacteria are the main causative agents of these infections, although more rarely, other microorganisms, such as fungi and some viruses, have been reported to be responsible for UTIs.
  • 851
  • 21 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Hydroa Vacciniforme, EBV, and Lymphoma
Hydroa vacciniforme (HV) is a rare form of photosensitivity disorder in children or adolescence and is frequently associated with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection, whereas HV-like lymphoproliferative disorders (HVLPD) describe a spectrum of EBV-associated T-cell or natural killer (NK)-cell lymphoproliferations with HV-like cutaneous manifestations, including EBV-positive HV, atypical HV, and HV-like lymphoma. 
  • 850
  • 23 Dec 2020
Topic Review
β-Hemoglobinopathies
β-hemoglobinopathies are the most common genetic disorders worldwide and are caused by mutations affecting the production or the structure of adult hemoglobin. Patients affected by these diseases suffer from anemia, impaired oxygen delivery to tissues, and multi-organ damage. In the absence of a compatible donor for allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, the lifelong therapeutic options are symptomatic care, red blood cell transfusions and pharmacological treatments. The last decades of research established lentiviral-mediated gene therapy as an efficacious therapeutic strategy. However, this approach is highly expensive and associated with a variable outcome depending on the effectiveness of the viral vector and the quality of the cell product. In the last years, genome editing emerged as a valuable tool for the development of curative strategies for β-hemoglobinopathies. Moreover, due to the wide range of its applications, genome editing has been extensively used to study regulatory mechanisms underlying globin gene regulation allowing the identification of novel genetic and pharmacological targets.
  • 850
  • 18 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Quercetin in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Quercetin is a flavonoid present in fruits, vegetables and plants with beneficial effects in several human disorders, including liver cancer. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties make quercetin an interesting drug to be evaluated in hepatocarcinoma (HCC), the major primary liver tumor with a high mortality rate. Moreover, increasing number of studies reported a high variety of antitumor actions which places quercetin as a promising antitumor agent, not only as single treatment but also improving current therapeutic options against advanced HCC.
  • 850
  • 12 Oct 2021
Topic Review
Microfracture
The technique of microfracture (MFX) was first performed 40 years ago and served for many years as the main procedure for repairing cartilage defects. There is a need to improve microfractures because the regenerated cartilage differs from the original histological aspect; it is less hyaline and more fibrocartilaginous. In addition, and more importantly, the benefits do not persist and the long-term results are unsatisfactory.
  • 850
  • 25 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Iron in Porphyrias
Despite the strict link between iron and heme, the role of iron in the different types of porphyrias, particularly as a risk factor for disease development/progression or as a potential therapeutic target or molecule, is still being debated, since contrasting results have emerged from clinical observations, in vitro studies and animal models.
  • 849
  • 28 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Proton radiobiology: DNA damage response
Clinical use of proton radiation has massively increased over the past years. The main reason for this is the beneficial depth-dose distribution of protons that allows to reduce toxicity to normal tissues surrounding the tumor. Despite the experience in the clinical use of protons, the radiobiology after proton irradiation compared to photon irradiation remains to be completely elucidated. Proton radiation may lead to differential damages and activation of biological processes.
  • 849
  • 08 Mar 2021
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