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Topic Review
Active Phosphorylated G Protein-Coupled Receptors
G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest known family of signaling proteins, with over 800 members in humans, and even more in most mammalian species. They are responsible for initiating intracellular signaling that affects metabolism, growth, differentiation, and mediate sensory inputs underlying taste, sense of smell, and vision. GPCRs are targeted by about a third of clinically used drugs.
  • 1.1K
  • 25 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Active Substances in Cannabis, Endocannabinoid System, and Metabolism
Since legalization, cannabis/marijuana has been gaining considerable attention as a functional ingredient in food. ∆-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol (CBD), and other cannabinoids are key bioactive compounds with health benefits. Endocannabinoids have been shown to regulate a variety of different receptors and channels, including TRP channels and the G-protein-coupled receptors GPR55, GPR18, GPR119, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and glycine receptors.
  • 293
  • 06 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Active Surveillance in Intermediate-Risk Prostate Cancer
Active surveillance (AS) is a monitoring strategy to avoid or defer curative treatment, minimizing the side effects of radiotherapy and prostatectomy without compromising survival. AS in intermediate-risk prostate cancer (PC) has increasingly become used. There is heterogeneity in intermediate-risk PC patients. Some of them have an aggressive clinical course and require active treatment, while others have indolent disease and may benefit from AS. However, intermediate-risk patients have an increased risk of metastasis, and the proper way to select the best candidates for AS is unknown. In addition, there are several differences between AS protocols in inclusion criteria, monitoring follow-up, and triggers for active treatment. A few large series and randomized trials are under investigation.
  • 354
  • 07 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Active Targeted Nanoparticles
PARP inhibitors were introduced as tools to protect from inflammatory diseases. Later, these selective inhibitors were evaluated as nanotherapeutic agents in clinical trials as targeted treatment strategies against solid tumors derived from ovarian, prostate, breast, colorectal, and uterine tissues. Although previous reports have established that PARP inhibitors effectively treat BRCA1-deficient cancers and increase patients’ progression-free survival (PFS), new studies have suggested that HR-deficient cells may also be vulnerable to PARP inhibition.
  • 524
  • 10 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Activity after Total Hip Arthroplasty
A large proportion of patients under 40 years of age who underwent Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) increased their physical activity. Eighty-six percent of the patients were highly active, with a UCLA score ≥ 7. Furthermore, the reported MCID, SCB, and PASS for mHHS were achieved by more than 80% of patients
  • 530
  • 23 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Activity of Natural Carboxylic Acids
Natural carboxylic acids described in this paper are plant-derived compounds having biological activity. The aim of this review is to summarize and evaluate the physicochemical properties of selected compounds naturally occurring in plants, their potential of microbiological  and anticancer activity. In order to create targeted modifications of the structure enhancing its activity, it is; therefore, necessary to thoroughly understand the mechanisms of action of a given molecule under systemic conditions.
  • 3.4K
  • 03 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Activity-Based Therapies in Stroke Neurorehabilitation
Activity-based therapies are the key component of stroke neurorehabilitation. The principle of these therapies is to provide structuralized activities with adequate quantity and quality to induce plasticity for recovery. However, there are many challenges in clinical and research settings, including a lack of standardization, limited dose and intensity, and variability of responders. While the therapies with favorable plasticity use high intensity in animal studies with a range of 300–800 repetitions, achieving similar intensity in clinical settings has been challenging. 
  • 178
  • 07 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Activity-Dependent Neuroprotective Protein
The activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP), a double-edged sword, sex-dependently regulates multiple genes and was previously associated with the control of early muscle development and aging.
  • 748
  • 12 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Activity-Dependent Neuroprotective Protein in the Eye
Activity-dependent protein (ADNP) is a neuroprotective protein of 123.56 kDa molecular weight, widely expressed throughout the body, including the eye. Morphological and proteomic studies showed that ADNP is distributed in the retina and cornea of different species, including humans. ADNP was originally discovered as an astroglial secreted protein, able to modulate the neurotrophic/neuroprotective activity of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), as well as of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP). PACAP and VIP perform their effects through the activation of G protein-coupled receptors, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide receptor type 1 (PAC1R), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor 1 (VPAC1R), and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor 2 (VPAC2R). In particular, the PAC1 receptor shows eight different splice variants (Null, Hip, Hop1, Hop2, Hiphop1, Hiphop2, short, and very short isoforms), whose activation by the binding to PACAP/VIP activates phospholipase C (PLC) and adenylate cyclase (AC), or calcium-regulated mechanisms. It is worth noting that a subpicomolar concentration of PACAP stimulated ADNP expression mainly through the MAPK signaling pathway and cAMP-dependent protein kinase activation. Both VIP and PACAP showed important protective effects against different ocular diseases. 
  • 409
  • 25 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Acupressure for Managing Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disease, which is linked to joint degeneration, loss of cartilage, and alterations of the subchondral bone, and mainly affects the hands, knees, and hips. OA is a highly predominant health condition, which has affected over 260 million people worldwide, and it is becoming even more common due to the combined effects of aging and obesity. OA is even more problematic as it is associated with pain, disability, and personal and economic burden. This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of acupressure as a treatment method for osteoarthritis. 
  • 400
  • 18 May 2021
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