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Topic Review
Surgical Options for PSM from Colorectal Carcinoma
Peritoneal dissemination is proven to worsen the prognosis of these patients. Cytoreductive surgery (CRS), along with systemic chemotherapy, have been shown to constitute a survival benefit in selected patients with PSM. Furthermore, the association of CRS with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) seems to significantly improve the prognosis of patients with certain types of digestive malignancies associated with PSM. 
  • 270
  • 17 May 2023
Topic Review
Serological Biomarkers in Metastatic Breast Cancer
Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide and the most common form of cancer in women. A large proportion of patients begin with localized disease and undergo treatment with curative intent, while another large proportion of patients debuts with disseminated metastatic disease. In the last subgroup of patients, the prognosis in recent years has changed radically, given the existence of different targeted therapies thanks to the discovery of different biomarkers. Serological, histological, and genetic biomarkers have demonstrated their usefulness in the initial diagnosis, in the follow-up to detect relapses, to guide targeted treatment, and to stratify the prognosis of the most aggressive tumors in those with breast cancer. Molecular markers are currently the basis for the diagnosis of metastatic disease, given the wide variety of chemotherapy regions and existing therapies.
  • 296
  • 17 May 2023
Topic Review
Sudden Cardiac Death in Athletes
The benefits of exercise for cardiovascular and general health are many. However, sudden cardiac death (SCD) may occur in apparently healthy athletes who perform at the highest levels. A diverse spectrum of diseases is implicated in SCD in athletes, and while atherosclerotic coronary artery disease predominates in individuals of >35 years of age, primary cardiomyopathies and ion channelopathies are prevalent in young individuals. Prevention of SCD in athletes relies on the implementation of health policies aimed at the early identification of arrhythmogenic diseases (such as cardiac screening) and successful resuscitation (such as widespread utilization of automatic external defibrillators and training members of the public on cardiopulmonary resuscitation). 
  • 325
  • 17 May 2023
Topic Review
Intravitreal Delivery Systems for Sustained Drug Release
Slow-release delivery systems are needed to ensure long-term sustained treatments for retinal diseases such as age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy, which are currently treated with anti-angiogenic agents that require frequent intraocular injections. These can cause serious co-morbidities for the patients and are far from providing the adequate drug/protein release rates and required pharmacokinetics to sustain prolonged efficacy.
  • 677
  • 17 May 2023
Biography
Jennie Han
Dr Jennie Han graduated from the University of Oxford with a Masters of Arts in Medical Sciences and a Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery. During the course, she was awarded the Brian Johnson Prize for Pathology for the best essay in pathology in Oxford University Clinical School. During her clinical placement, she was the Tutor in Anatomy for Christ Church, Oxford. She was also the Presi
  • 490
  • 17 May 2023
Topic Review
Immune Dysfunction in Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw
The pathogenesis of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is multifactorial and there is a substantial consensus on the role of antiresorptive drugs (ARDs), including bisphosphonates (BPs) and denosumab (Dmab), as one of the main determinants. The time exposure, cumulative dose and administration intensity of these drugs are critical parameters to be considered in the treatment of patients, as cancer patients show the highest incidence of MRONJ. BPs and Dmab have distinct mechanisms of action on bone, but they also exert different effects on immune subsets which interact with bone cells, thus contributing to the onset of MRONJ.
  • 251
  • 17 May 2023
Topic Review
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme II
Angiotensin converting enzyme II (ACE2), a type I transmembrane mono-carboxypeptidase of renin angiotensin system (RAS), in involved in conversion of angiotensin I (Ang I) and angiotensin II (Ang II) to angiotensin (1-9) and angiotensin (1-7), respectively. This enzyme, as the receptor of SARS-CoV-2, plays a crucial role in the virus entrance into the host cells. The docking of the S protein to this receptor, eventually leads to the fusion of the virus membrane with the host cell plasma membrane to release the viral genome into the cell cytoplasm.
  • 942
  • 16 May 2023
Topic Review
Loss of Consciousness Predicts Development of mTBI Symptoms
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a condition caused by a blow or jolt to the head. TBI may be classified as mild, moderate, or severe based on several criteria, including the duration of loss of consciousness (LOC), when present. While the majority of mild TBI (mTBI) patients recover without intervention, a subset of patients experience persistent and debilitating symptoms. Therefore, prediction of symptom development in mTBI patients remains an ongoing research goal. LOC is associated with adverse outcomes after mTBI, such as cognitive and memory deficits; psychiatric disorders; physical symptoms; and brain abnormalities associated with the aforementioned impairments.
  • 226
  • 16 May 2023
Topic Review
Non-Classical Diet-Related Factors and Obesity
Obesity is a chronic disease and a major public health problem due to its association with non-communicable diseases and all-cause mortality. An increased energy intake and decreased physical activity have been long recognized as the classical parameters that contribute to the development of obesity. However, several other, non-classical factors have also been associated with obesity through various complex mechanisms.Some of these factors are diet-related, such as diet quality, dietary habits and speed of eating.
  • 205
  • 16 May 2023
Topic Review
Interventional Locoregional Treatments and Immunotherapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Immunotherapy has remarkably revolutionized the management of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and prompted clinical trials, with therapeutic agents being used to selectively target immune cells rather than cancer cells. There is great interest in the possibility of combining locoregional treatments with immunotherapy for HCC, as this combination is emerging as an effective and synergistic tool for enhancing immunity. On the one hand, immunotherapy could amplify and prolong the antitumoral immune response of locoregional treatments, improving patients’ outcomes and reducing recurrence rates. On the other hand, locoregional therapies have been shown to positively alter the tumor immune microenvironment and could therefore enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy.
  • 290
  • 16 May 2023
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