Subject:
All Disciplines Arts & Humanities Biology & Life Sciences Business & Economics Chemistry & Materials Science Computer Science & Mathematics Engineering Environmental & Earth Sciences Medicine & Pharmacology Physical Sciences Public Health & Healthcare Social Sciences
Sort:
Hottest Latest Alphabetical (A-Z) Alphabetical (Z-A)
Type:
All Topic Review Biography
Topic Review
Sleep Disturbances in Parkinson’s Disease
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common multidimensional neurological disorder characterized by motor and non-motor features and is more prevalent in the elderly. Sleep disorders and cognitive disturbances are also significant characteristics of PD. Sleep is an important physiological process for normal human cognition and physical functioning. Sleep deprivation negatively impacts human physical, mental, and behavioral functions. Sleep disturbances include problems falling asleep, disturbances occurring during sleep, abnormal movements during sleep, insufficient sleep, and excessive sleep. The most recognizable and known sleep disorders, such as rapid-eye-movement behavior disorder (RBD), insomnia, excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), restless legs syndrome (RLS), sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBDs), and circadian-rhythm-related sleep–wake disorders (CRSWDs), have been associated with PD. 
  • 546
  • 24 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Prevention of Chemotherapy-Induced Alopecia
Chemotherapy causes substantial thinning or loss of hair, termed chemotherapy-induced alopecia (CIA), in approximately 65% of patients. CIA is ranked as one of the most distressing adverse effects of chemotherapy, but interventional options have been limited. Here we discuss scalp cooling, the only FDA-cleared method, and other options being tested, to prevent CIA.
  • 356
  • 24 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Radiomics Applications in Spleen Imaging
The spleen plays numerous important roles in various diseases. There has been a growing interest in developing radiomic models for implementation in clinical practice, and spleen imaging has not been exempted from this trend. 
  • 293
  • 24 Aug 2023
Topic Review
The Role of Adropin in Health and Disease
Adropin is a novel 76-amino acid-peptide that is expressed in different tissues and cells including the liver, pancreas, heart and vascular tissues, kidney, milk, serum, plasma and many parts of the brain. Adropin, encoded by the Enho gene, plays a crucial role in energy homeostasis. Therapeutic peptides show great potential in the treatment of many diseases.
  • 372
  • 24 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Migraine as a Disease Associated with Dysbiosis
Migraine is a painful neurological condition characterized by severe pain on one or both sides of the head. It may be linked to changes in the gut microbiota, which are influenced by antibiotic use and other factors. Dysbiosis, which develops and persists as a result of earlier antibiotic therapy, changes the composition of the intestinal flora, and can lead to the development of various diseases such as metabolic disorders, obesity, hematological malignancies, neurological or behavioral disorders, and migraine. Metabolites produced by the gut microbiome have been shown to influence the gut–brain axis. The use of probiotics as a dietary supplement may reduce the number and severity of migraine episodes. Dietary strategies can affect the course of migraines and are a valuable tool for improving migraine management. With fecal microbiota transplantation, gut microbial restoration is more effective and more durable. Changes after fecal microbiota transplantation were studied in detail, and many data help us to interpret the successful interventions. The microbiological alteration of the gut microflora can lead to normalization of the inflammatory mediators, the serotonin pathway, and influence the frequency and intensity of migraine pain.
  • 352
  • 24 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Innovative Strategies in Microvascular Head and Neck Reconstruction
The field of reconstructive microsurgery has witnessed considerable advancements over the years, driven by improvements in technology, imaging, surgical instruments, increased understanding of perforator anatomy, and experience with microsurgery. However, within the subset of microvascular head and neck reconstruction, novel strategies are needed to improve and optimize both patient aesthetics and post-operative function. Given the disfiguring defects that are encountered following trauma or oncologic resections, the reconstructive microsurgeon must always aim to innovate new approaches, reject historic premises, and challenge established paradigms to further achieve improvement in both aesthetic and functional outcomes. 
  • 217
  • 24 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Paediatric Formulation Development and Overcoming Taste-Masking Challenges
Despite regulatory incentives in the United States and Europe to promote paediatric formulation development, progress is hampered by challenges including the need to address dose flexibility, swallowability, palatability, and the diverse physiological developmental stages encountered in the paediatric population. Peroral minitablets, microparticles, granules, liquid formulations, and scored chewable tablets have been proposed to address dose flexibility and provide ease of swallowability. However, given that one in four active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) have an intensely bitter taste and these formulations often result in drug interactions with taste receptors, palatability remains a significant challenge as young children are highly sensitive to bitter taste. This issue is especially prevalent for drugs required to be administered at high doses and frequent intervals, for example, anti-infectives, where the problem is further compounded by the high number (40%) of anti-infective APIs having an objectionable taste.
  • 319
  • 24 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Expression and Subcellular Localization of PCAT6
Prostate cancer-associated transcript 6 (PCAT6), as a newly discovered carcinogenic long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), is abnormally expressed in multiple diseases. PCAT6 is also named KDM5B-AS1, KDM5BAS1, PCAN-R1, ncRNA-a2, or onco-lncRNA-96. It was first described as ncRNA-a2 in 2010. The gene of PCAT6 is located on chromosome 1q32.1 and contains two exons. It consists of 968 bp and has two transcript variants: transcript variant 1 (NR_046325.1) and transcript variant 2 (NR_046326.1).
  • 399
  • 24 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Stabilization of Essential Oil
Essential oils (EOs) have stability problems, including volatility, oxidation, photosensitivity, heat sensitivity, humidity sensitivity, pH sensitivity, and ion sensitivity. A drug delivery system is an effective way to stabilize EOs, especially due to the protective effect of polymeric drug carriers. Polysaccharides are frequently employed as drug carrier materials because they are highly safe, come in a variety of forms, and have plentiful sources.
  • 437
  • 24 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Structure and Function of UHRF1
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and its incidence and mortality are increasing each year. Improved therapeutic strategies against cancer have progressed, but remain insufficient to invert this trend. Along with several other risk factors, abnormal genetic and epigenetic regulations play a critical role in the initiation of cellular transformation, as well as tumorigenesis. The epigenetic regulator UHRF1 (ubiquitin-like, containing PHD and RING finger domains 1) is a multidomain protein with oncogenic abilities overexpressed in most cancers. Through the coordination of its multiple domains and other epigenetic key players, UHRF1 regulates DNA methylation and histone modifications. This well-coordinated dialogue leads to the silencing of tumor-suppressor genes (TSGs) and facilitates tumor cells’ resistance toward anticancer drugs, ultimately promoting apoptosis escape and uncontrolled proliferation. Several studies have shown that the downregulation of UHRF1 with natural compounds in tumor cells induces the reactivation of various TSGs, inhibits cell growth, and promotes apoptosis.
  • 404
  • 24 Aug 2023
  • Page
  • of
  • 1352
Featured Entry Collections
>>

Featured Books

>>
Encyclopedia of Social Sciences
Encyclopedia of COVID-19
Encyclopedia of Fungi
Encyclopedia of Digital Society, Industry 5.0 and Smart City
Video Production Service
Feedback