Subject:
All Disciplines Arts & Humanities Biology & Life Sciences Business & Economics Chemistry & Materials Science Computer Science & Mathematics Engineering Environmental & Earth Sciences Medicine & Pharmacology Physical Sciences Public Health & Healthcare Social Sciences
Sort:
Hottest Latest Alphabetical (A-Z) Alphabetical (Z-A)
Type:
All Topic Review Biography
Topic Review
Bacterial Causing Pneumonia Post Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant
Allogeneic stem cell transplantation is a lifesaving treatment for many malignancies. Post-transplant patients may suffer from graft versus host disease in the acute and/or the chronic form(s). Post-transplantation immune deficiency due to a variety of factors is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Furthermore, immunosuppression can lead to alterations in host factors that predisposes these patients to infections. Although patients who receive stem cell transplant are at an increased risk of opportunistic pathogens, which include fungi and viruses, bacterial infections remain the most common cause of morbidity.
  • 360
  • 10 Jul 2023
Topic Review
ResRandSVM for Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia Blood Detection
Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia is a type of cancer that occurs when abnormal white blood cells are produced in the bone marrow which do not function properly, crowding out healthy cells and weakening the immunity of the body and thus its ability to resist infections. It spreads quickly in children’s bodies, and if not treated promptly it may lead to death. The manual detection of this disease is a tedious and slow task. Machine learning and deep learning techniques are faster than manual detection and more accurate.
  • 276
  • 10 Jul 2023
Topic Review
SARS-CoV-2 Interactions with the Host Cell Nucleus
SARS-CoV-2 components disturb the transport of certain proteins through the nuclear pores. Some SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins such as Spike (S) and Nucleocapsid (N), most non-structural proteins (remarkably, Nsp1 and Nsp3), as well as some accessory proteins (ORF3d, ORF6, ORF9a) can reach the nucleoplasm either due to their nuclear localization signals (NLS) or taking a shuttle with other proteins. A percentage of SARS-CoV-2 RNA can also reach the nucleoplasm. Remarkably, controversy has recently been raised by proving that-at least under certain conditions-, SARS-CoV-2 sequences can be retrotranscribed and inserted as DNA in the host genome, giving rise to chimeric genes. In turn, the expression of viral-host chimeric proteins could potentially create neo-antigens, activate autoimmunity and promote a chronic pro-inflammatory state.
  • 398
  • 10 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Origins of Circulating Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins
The role of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) and their remnants in atherosclerosis has come to the forefront in the past decade. Triglycerides (TGs) stand as markers of the remnants of the catabolism of TRLs that tend to contain twice as much cholesterol as compared to LDL. The accumulation of circulating TRLs and their partially lipolyzed derivatives, known as “remnants”, is caused mainly by ineffective triglyceride catabolism. These cholesterol-enriched remnant particles are hypothesized to contribute to atherogenesis. 
  • 257
  • 10 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Metabolic Exercise Testing in Heart Failure
Heart Failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome that is caused by a structural and/or functional cardiac abnormality and corroborated by elevated natriuretic peptide levels and/or objective evidence of pulmonary or systemic congestion. Metabolic exercise testing, also known as cardiopulmonary exercise testing, provides a comprehensive evaluation of the multisystem (i.e., neurological, respiratory, circulatory, and musculoskeletal) response to exercise performance.
  • 398
  • 10 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Sorafenib-Based Nanomedicine
Sorafenib (SF) is a US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved molecular-targeted chemotherapeutic agent, which is used as a clinic standard drug for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The overall patient survival is increased by delaying the pathologic progression. SF is also an oral multikinase inhibitor by inhibiting the proliferation of tumor cells, neoplastic angiopoiesis, angiogenesis and invasion of cancer cells. So, SF is regarded as an effective chemotherapeutic agent against various types of tumors
  • 272
  • 07 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Poly Lactic-co-glycolic Acid Nano in Drug Delivery
Chronic inflammation contributes to the pathogenesis of many diseases, including apparently unrelated conditions such as metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, osteoporosis, and tumors, but the use of conventional anti-inflammatory drugs to treat these diseases is generally not very effective given their adverse effects. In addition, some alternative anti-inflammatory medications, such as many natural compounds, have scarce solubility and stability, which are associated with low bioavailability.
  • 268
  • 07 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Anticancer Activity of Pentagalloyl Glucose
Pentagalloyl glucose (PGG) is a natural hydrolyzable gallotannin abundant in various plants and herbs. It has a broad range of biological activities, specifically anticancer activities, and numerous molecular targets. PGG has a cytotoxic effect on many cancers, including prostate, breast, lung, head and neck, liver, leukemia, cervical, colorectal, and pancreatic cancers. PGG can affect different cancer stages and inhibit tumor growth through multiple mechanisms depending on cell origin, with minimal toxicity against normal cells. PGG targets several aberrant signal-transduction pathways that control cell growth and division, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and metastasis.
  • 320
  • 07 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Nanotechnology-Based Topical Delivery of Natural Products for AD
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic eczematous inflammatory disease that may arise from environmental, genetic, and immunological factors. Despite the efficacy of current treatment options such as corticosteroids, such approaches are mainly focused on symptom relief and may present certain undesirable side effects. Isolated natural compounds, oils, mixtures, and/or extracts have gained scientific attention because of their high efficiency and moderate to low toxicity.
  • 722
  • 07 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Innovations and Nano-Delivery of Actinium-225
The actinium-225 (225Ac) radioisotope exhibits highly attractive nuclear properties for application in radionuclide therapy. However, the 225Ac radionuclide presents multiple daughter nuclides in its decay chain, which can escape the targeted site, circulate in plasma, and cause toxicity in areas such as kidneys and renal tissues. Several ameliorative strategies have been devised to circumvent this issue, including nano-delivery. Alpha-emitting radionuclides and nanotechnology applications in nuclear medicine have culminated in major advancements that offer promising therapeutic possibilities for treating several cancers. Accordingly, the importance of nanomaterials in retaining the 225Ac daughters from recoiling into unintended organs has been established. Researchers described the advancements of targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) as an alternative anticancer treatment. It discusses the recent developments in the preclinical and clinical investigations on 225Ac as a prospective anticancer agent. Moreover, the rationale for using nanomaterials in improving the therapeutic efficacy of α-particles in targeted alpha therapy (TAT) with an emphasis on 225Ac is discussed. Quality control measures in the preparation of 225Ac-conjugates are also highlighted.
  • 501
  • 07 Jul 2023
  • Page
  • of
  • 1350
Featured Entry Collections
>>

Featured Books

>>
Encyclopedia of Social Sciences
Encyclopedia of COVID-19
Encyclopedia of Fungi
Encyclopedia of Digital Society, Industry 5.0 and Smart City
ScholarVision Creations
Feedback