Subject:
All Disciplines Arts & Humanities Biology & Life Sciences Business & Economics Chemistry & Materials Science Computer Science & Mathematics Engineering Environmental & Earth Sciences Medicine & Pharmacology Physical Sciences Public Health & Healthcare Social Sciences
Sort:
Hottest Latest Alphabetical (A-Z) Alphabetical (Z-A)
Type:
All Topic Review Biography
Topic Review
Diagnostic and Therapeutic Utility of Bronchoscopic Cryotechniques
Cryosurgical techniques are employed for diagnostic and therapeutic bronchoscopy and serve as important tools for the management of pulmonary diseases such as interstitial lung disease and lung cancer. The research present the literature on the diagnostic and therapeutic utility of bronchoscopy-guided cryosurgical procedures and their safety profile.
  • 144
  • 09 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Semaphorin 3A and Kidney Diseases
Kidney diseases are worldwide public health problems affecting millions of people. However, there are still limited therapeutic options against kidney diseases. Semaphorin 3A (SEMA3A) is a secreted and membrane-associated protein, which regulates diverse functions, including immune regulation, cell survival, migration and angiogenesis, thus involving in the several pathogeneses of diseases, including eyes and neurons, as well as kidneys. SEMA3A is expressed in podocytes and tubular cells in the normal adult kidney, and recent evidence has revealed that excess SEMA3A expression and the subsequent signaling pathway aggravate kidney injury in a variety of kidney diseases, including nephrotic syndrome, diabetic nephropathy, acute kidney injury, and chronic kidney disease. 
  • 204
  • 09 Oct 2023
Topic Review
The Basics of Brain to Understand Music
Music is a complex phenomenon with multiple brain areas and neural connections being implicated. Music is a universal phenomenon that utilizes a myriad of brain resources. Engaging with music is among the most cognitively demanding tasks a human can undergo, and it is identified across all cultures; therefore, it underscores its fundamental human nature. Fundamental to understanding music are the concepts of pitch perception, rhythm perception, and tonality perception.
  • 232
  • 09 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Human Gut Microbiota in Heart Failure
There is a bidirectional relationship between the heart and the gut. The gut microbiota, the community of gut micro-organisms themselves, is an excellent gut-homeostasis keeper since it controls the growth of potentially harmful bacteria and protects the microbiota environment. There is evidence suggesting that a diet rich in fatty acids can be metabolized and converted by gut microbiota and hepatic enzymes to trimethyl-amine N-oxide (TMAO), a product that is associated with atherogenesis, platelet dysfunction, thrombotic events, coronary artery disease, stroke, heart failure (HF), and, ultimately, death. HF, by inducing gut ischemia, congestion, and, consequently, gut barrier dysfunction, promotes the intestinal leaking of micro-organisms and their products, facilitating their entrance into circulation and thus stimulating a low-grade inflammation associated with an immune response.
  • 307
  • 08 Oct 2023
Topic Review
3D Printing and Nanotechnologies in Biofilms
Biofilms remain one of the most pervasive complications of the medical field, representing 50–70% of all nosocomial infections and up to 80% of total microbial infections. Since biofilms contain intricately small matrices, different microenvironments, and accumulations of biodiverse microorganisms of different resistances, these structures end up being difficult to target.
  • 347
  • 08 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Applications of Conditional Reprogramming in Breast Cancer Research
Preclinical in vitro models play an important role in studying cancer cell biology and facilitating translational research, especially in the identification of drug targets and drug discovery studies. This is particularly relevant in breast cancer, where the global burden of disease is quite high based on prevalence and a relatively high rate of lethality. Predictive tools to select patients who will be responsive to invasive or morbid therapies (radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and/or surgery) are relatively lacking. To be clinically relevant, a model must accurately replicate the biology and cellular heterogeneity of the primary tumor.
  • 163
  • 08 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Neonatal Heart Rate in the Delivery Room
At birth, a newborn’s heart rate should be evaluated immediately to determine the need for resuscitation and stabilizing measures. As cardiopulmonary transition is affected by the cord management strategy, gestational age, and underlying condition, different heart rate intervention thresholds might be needed in different subgroups of newborn infants.
  • 150
  • 08 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Premature Ventricular Complexes
Premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) are frequently encountered in clinical practice. The association of PVCs with adverse cardiovascular outcomes is well established in the context of structural heart disease, yet not so much in the absence of structural heart disease.
  • 492
  • 08 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Tunneling Nanotube in the Nervous System
Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) are thin, hollow plasma membrane projections that directly connect the lumen of one cell to the lumen of another cell, thereby transferring different cargoes between the two connected cells. TNTs have been shown to play very prominent roles in neuronal development and serve as highways for neurodegenerative diseases in the brain. 
  • 383
  • 08 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Microbiota Changes in Irritable Bowel Syndrome Subtypes
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by chronic abdominal pain and altered bowel habits. It can be subclassified in different subtypes according to the main clinical manifestation: constipation, diarrhea, mixed, and unclassified. The role of gut microbiota in IBS has garnered significant attention in the scientific community. Emerging research spotlights the intricate involvement of microbiota dysbiosis in IBS pathogenesis. Studies have demonstrated reduced microbial diversity and stability and specific microbial alterations for each disease subgroup. Microbiota-targeted treatments, such as antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and even diet, offer exciting prospects for managing IBS.
  • 156
  • 07 Oct 2023
  • Page
  • of
  • 1349
Featured Entry Collections
>>

Featured Books

>>
Encyclopedia of Social Sciences
Encyclopedia of COVID-19
Encyclopedia of Fungi
Encyclopedia of Digital Society, Industry 5.0 and Smart City
Video Production Service
Feedback