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Topic Review
Gas Channeling Control in CO2-Based Enhanced Oil Recovery
Gel systems are widely used as plugging materials in the oil and gas industry. Gas channeling can be mitigated by reducing the heterogeneity of the formation and the mobility ratio of CO2 to crude oil. Cracks and other CO2 leaking pathways can be plugged during the geological storage of CO2 to increase the storage stability. By adding CO2-responsive groups to the classic polymer gel’s molecular chain, CO2 responsive gel is able to seal and recognize CO2 in the formation while maintaining the superior performance of traditional polymer gel. 
  • 100
  • 08 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Molecular Mechanisms of OER for Artificial Photosynthesis
Addressing the global environmental problem of water splitting to produce hydrogen fuel by solar energy is receiving so much attention. In water splitting, the essential problem to solve is the development of efficient catalysts for oxygen production. In the generation of hydrogen by water splitting, molecular oxygen should be evolved at the same time. However, it is not so easy to artificially achieve photosynthetic oxygen generation by developing novel systems in a short period of time, which took one billion years in the natural world. The oxidation of water to produce oxygen, i.e., oxygen evolution reaction (OER), involves transfers of four electrons and four protons, while the reduction of water to produce hydrogen, i.e., hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), is a reaction of two electrons and two protons.
  • 193
  • 06 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Nanoencapsulated Phase-Change Materials
Phase-change materials (PCMs) are becoming more widely acknowledged as essential elements in thermal energy storage, greatly aiding the pursuit of lower building energy consumption and the achievement of net-zero energy goals. PCMs are frequently constrained by their subpar heat conductivity, despite their expanding importance. 
  • 315
  • 30 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Wide Structural Variety and Applications of Dendrimers
Dendrimers are hyper-branched macromolecules characterized by large numbers of end-group functionalities and a compact molecular structure. They consist of a central core molecule where multiple branches emerge, giving rise to a hierarchical and well-defined architecture.
  • 133
  • 21 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Metal-Organic Frameworks Based Multifunctional Materials for Solar Cells
Developing low-cost and stable materials for converting solar energy into electricity is vital in meeting the world’s energy demand. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have gained attention for solar cells due to their natural porous architectures and tunable chemical structures. They are built by high-symmetry metal clusters as secondary building units and organic carboxylate/azolate ligands as linkers. 
  • 152
  • 17 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Applications of Biodegradable Poly Blends/Composites
Biodegradable poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) and its composites or blends have received a lot of attention in the past because of their potential applications in human life and environmental remediation. Greater efforts have been made to develop biodegradable chemical materials as adsorbents that do not pollute the environment in order to replace traditional materials. 
  • 543
  • 09 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Cyclodextrins Application
Cyclodextrins are a family of macrocyclic polysugars. Although a wide range of ring sizes have been synthesised, the most common variants of these moieties are α, β and χ-cyclodextrins, which contain 6, 7 and 8 α-1,4-d-glucopyranoside units, respectively, in the macrocyclic ring.
  • 110
  • 07 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Green Concrete with Glass Powder
In General, Glass Powder can be compelling and beneficial for both the concrete industry and the environment if implemented properly, which obviously still requires further studies to have the right understanding of this material.
  • 284
  • 03 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Near Infrared Photosensitive Indocyanine Green Molecules
Indocyanine green (ICG) is an important kind of near infrared (NIR) photosensitive molecules for photothermal therapy (PTT)/photodynamic therapy (PDT) therapy as well as imaging. When exposed to NIR light, ICG can produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can kill cancer cells and pathogenic bacteria. Moreover, the absorbed light can also be converted into heat by ICG molecules to eliminate cancer cells. In addition, it performs exceptionally well in optical imaging-guided tumor therapy and antimicrobial therapy due to its deeper tissue penetration and low photobleaching properties in the near-infrared region compared to other dyes. In order to solve the problems of water and optical stability and multi-function problem of ICG molecules, composite nanomaterials based on ICG have been designed and widely used, especially in the fields of tumors and sterilization. 
  • 170
  • 26 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Synthesis and Modification of Magnetic Nanoparticles
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) combine their magnetic properties with other interesting characteristics, such as their small size, high surface-to-volume ratio, easy handling, and excellent biocompatibility, resulting in improved specificity and sensitivity and reduced matrix effects. They can be tailored to specific applications and have been extensively used in various fields, including biosensing and clinical diagnosis. In addition, MNPs simplify sample preparation by isolating the target analytes via magnetic separation, thus reducing the analysis time and interference phenomena and improving the analytical performance of detection. The synthesis and modification of MNPs play a crucial role in adjusting their properties for different applications.
  • 91
  • 19 Oct 2023
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