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Topic Review
Self-Assembling Nucleobase-Containing Peptides
The self-assembly of bio-inspired nanomaterials and biological nanostructures confers new properties and functions to conjugated biomaterials, such as the ability to respond to external stimuli. Nucleobase-containing peptides can be considered as aromatic peptides and, similar to these self-assembling structures, they can lead to interesting functional nanostructures as hereafter explained. Self-assembling nucleopeptides can form hydrogels based on supramolecular structures held by non-covalent molecular interactions occurring between the peptide segments, as well as π–π stacking and Watson–Crick interactions via complementary DNA bases.
  • 728
  • 16 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Self-Assembled Nanocomposites and Nanostructures
Self-assembled nanocomposites and nanostructures are a class of molecules that spontaneously assemble directly through specific interactions or indirectly through their environment without any human intervention. The benefits of self-assembled nanocomposites or nanostructures have been reported several times for their prominent applications.
  • 485
  • 01 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Self-Assembled Monolayer-Based Hole-Transporting Materials
Ever since self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) were adopted as hole-transporting layers (HTL) for perovskite solar cells (PSCs), numerous SAMs for HTL have been synthesized and reported. SAMs offer several unique advantages including relatively simple synthesis, straightforward molecular engineering, effective surface modification using small amounts of molecules, and suitability for large-area device fabrication. 
  • 130
  • 19 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Self-Assembled III-V Semiconductor Quantum Dots
A fundamental understanding of the growth of semiconductors is essential for the optimization of quantum dot-based optoelectronic devices. Droplet epitaxy has proven to be the successful versatile growth method for instance growing quantum dots with a small fine structure splitting for quantum information technology. Precise control and tuning of the quantum dots for various applications is only possible through a detailed understanding of the growth mechanism at the atomic level, which creates the need for atomic-scale structural and composition characterization. We present an overview of the results of detailed structural and composition analysis by cross-sectional scanning tunneling microscopy and atom probe tomography of quantum dots grown by self-assembled droplet epitaxy where we focus mainly on strain-free GaAs/AlGaAs and strained InAs/InP QDs.
  • 1.3K
  • 19 Jan 2021
Topic Review
Selenium-Based Cathode Materials for Lithium Batteries
Selenium (Se)-based cathode materials have garnered considerable interest for lithium-ion batteries due to their numerous advantages, including low cost, high volumetric capacity (3268 mAh cm−3), high density (4.82 g cm−3), ability to be cycled to high voltage (4.2 V) without failure, and environmental friendliness. However, they have low electrical conductivity, low coulombic efficiency, and polyselenide solubility in electrolytes (shuttle effect). These factors have an adverse effect on the electrochemical performance of Li-Se batteries, rendering them unsuitable for real-world use.
  • 814
  • 09 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Selenium Nanoparticles in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common chronic inflammation-mediated disorder having systematic complications. RA triggers a self-directed inflammatory and immunological cascade that culminates in joint destruction. Though a range of treatment options are available, none of them are without adverse effects, leading researchers to search for alternative solutions. Nanomedicine has emerged as a powerful therapeutic alternative, and selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient trace element that has a crucial role in human health and disease.  The potential of SeNPs can be attributed to the effect of functional groups bound to them, concentration, and most importantly to their nano range size. The antirheumatic effect of SeNPs is considerable due to its potential in amelioration of oxidative stress-mediated inflammation via downregulation of radical and nonradical species, markers of inflammation, and upregulation of inherent antioxidant defenses.
  • 836
  • 16 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Selective Sensing of Formaldehyde
Formaldehyde (FA) is a colorless, flammable, foul-smelling chemical used in building materials and in the production of numerous household chemical goods. Herein, a fluorescent chemosensor for FA is designed and prepared using a selective organ-targeting probe containing naphthalimide as a fluorophore and hydrazine as a FA-binding site. The amine group of the hydrazine reacts with FA to form a double bond and this condensation reaction is accompanied by a shift in the absorption band of the probe from 438 nm to 443 nm upon the addition of FA. Further, the addition of FA is shown to enhance the emission band at 532 nm relative to the very weak fluorescent emission of the probe itself. Moreover, a high specificity is demonstrated towards FA over other competing analytes such as the calcium ion (Ca2+), magnesium ion (Mg2+), acetaldehyde, benzaldehyde, salicylaldehyde, glucose, glutathione, sodium sulfide (Na2S), sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and the tert-butylhydroperoxide radical. A typical two-photon dye incorporated into the probe provides intense fluorescence upon excitation at 800 nm, thus demonstrating potential application as a two-photon fluorescent probe for FA sensing. 
  • 537
  • 25 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Selected Polymers - Structure, Properties and Food-Related Applications
Every application of a substance results from the macroscopic property of the substance that is related to the substance’s microscopic structure. For example, the forged park gate in your city was produced thanks to the malleability and ductility of metals, which are related to the ability of shifting of layers of metal cations, while fire extinguishing powders use the high boiling point of compounds related to their regular ionic and covalent structures. This also applies to polymers.
  • 304
  • 27 May 2022
Topic Review
Selected Fungal Natural Products with Antimicrobial Properties
Natural products (NPs) are a very rich source of antimicrobial drugs. They constitute more than two-thirds of clinically used antibiotics and half of anticancer drugs. Fungal natural products and their effects have been known to humankind for hundreds of years. Their later medicinal applications, followed by the discovery of the first class of antibiotics, penicillins and other drugs of fungal origin, such as peptidic natural products, terpenoids or polyketides, have altered the historically negative reputation of fungal “toxins”. 
  • 422
  • 21 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Seed-Layer Free ZnSnO3 Nanowires
ZnSnO3 semiconductor nanostructures have several applications as photocatalysis, gas sensors, and energy harvesting. However, due to its multicomponent nature, the synthesis is far more complex than its binary counter parts. The complexity increases even more when aiming for low-cost and low-temperature processes as in hydrothermal methods. Knowing in detail the influence of all the parameters involved in these processes is imperative, in order to properly control the synthesis to achieve the desired final product. Thus, this paper presents a study of the influence of the physical parameters involved in the hydrothermal synthesis of ZnSnO3 nanowires, namely volume, reaction time, and process temperature. Based on this study a growth mechanism for the complex Zn:Sn:O system is proposed. Two zinc precursors, zinc chloride and zinc acetate, were studied, showing that although the growth mechanism is inherent to the material itself, the chemical reactions for different conditions need to be considered.
  • 859
  • 24 Sep 2020
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