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Topic Review
Synthesis of Hydrogels
Hydrogels are polymeric materials with a characteristic hydrophilic structure that enables the storage of large amounts of water and biological fluids in their three-dimensional (3D) network. For hydrogel synthesis, the incorporation of a cross-linking agent is important to achieve a better structuring due to its ability to form new polymeric chains within the structure through a large variety of reactions between different polymeric molecules or fibrous proteins.
  • 1.8K
  • 16 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Synthesis of Heteroaromatic Hybrid Chalcones
Chalcones continue to occupy a venerated status as scaffolds for the construction of a variety of heterocyclic molecules with medicinal and industrial properties. Syntheses of hybrid chalcones featuring heteroaromatic components, especially those methods utilizing green chemistry principles, are important additions to the preparative methodologies for this valuable class of molecules. 
  • 329
  • 21 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Synthesis of Graphene-Based Nanocomposites for Environmental Remediation Applications
The term graphene was coined using the prefix “graph” taken from graphite and the suffix “-ene” for the C=C bond, by Boehm et al. in 1986. The synthesis of graphene can be done using various methods. The synthesized graphene was further oxidized to graphene oxide (GO) using different methods, to enhance its multitude of applications. Graphene oxide (GO) is the oxidized analogy of graphene, familiar as the only intermediate or precursor for obtaining the latter at a large scale. Graphene oxide has recently obtained enormous popularity in the energy, environment, sensor, and biomedical fields and has been handsomely exploited for water purification membranes. GO is a unique class of mechanically robust, ultrathin, high flux, high-selectivity, and fouling-resistant separation membranes that provide opportunities to advance water desalination technologies. The facile synthesis of GO membranes opens the doors for ideal next-generation membranes as cost-effective and sustainable alternative to long existing thin-film composite membranes for water purification applications. 
  • 433
  • 18 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Synthesis of Functional Geopolymeric Hybrid Materials
New synthetic hybrid materials, with an inorganic and organic nature, have been developed to promote their application as protective coatings and/or structural consolidants for several substrates in the construction industry and cultural heritage field. In this background, the scientific community paid attention to geopolymers and their new hybrid functional derivatives to design and develop innovative and sustainable composites with better chemical resistance, durability and mechanical characteristics. 
  • 695
  • 14 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Synthesis of Fragrances via Cycloaddition or Formal Cycloaddition
Fragrances, short for fragrance ingredients, is a type of compounds with a sweet smell or pleasant odor that has wide applications in the fine chemical industry, especially in perfumes, cosmetics, detergents and food additives. Since the discovery of the Diels–Alder reaction, the cycloaddition of π reactants serves as one of the most powerful methods for the construction of carbocycles, which has a broad application in the fragrance industry.
  • 3.4K
  • 21 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Synthesis of Fluorescent Five- and Six-Membered Ring Azaheterocycles
The synthesis of fluorescent azaheterocycles continues to arouse strong interest due to their great potential for application as sensors and biosensors, luminophores on in the construction of Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED) devices, laser and other semiconductor devices, as well as to their potential biological properties as antimicrobial, antifungal, anticancer, antituberculosis antioxidant and anti-HIV agents. The advantages of the azaheterocyclic fluorophores, such as small size, enriched photostability, a wide and tunable spectral range, and, frequently, high brightness, are the reason why these fluorophores are preferred and used in various medical application. Probe structure can be modified to adjust excitation and emission wavelengths, target-binding affinity, chemical reactivity, and subcellular localization.
  • 574
  • 09 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Synthesis of Ferrocenyl Phosphorhydrazone Dendrimers
The discovery of ferrocene is often associated with the rapid growth of organometallic chemistry. Dendrimers are highly branched macromolecules that can be functionalized at will at all levels of their structure. The functionalization of dendrimers with ferrocene derivatives can be carried out easily as terminal functions on the surface, but also at the core, or at one or several layers inside the structure. Depending on the desired location of the ferrocenes in the structure of phosphorhydrazone dendrimers, the ferrocenes should be functionalized differently. For the grafting to the surface, the ferrocene should bear a phenol group, suitable to react in substitution reactions with the P(S)Cl2 terminal groups of the dendrimers. To be used as core, the ferrocene should have two aldehyde functions, from which the synthesis of the dendrimer will be carried out. To be introduced in the branches, at all layers or within a single layer, the ferrocene should replace hydroxybenzaldehyde; thus, it should bear both a phenol and an aldehyde.
  • 747
  • 06 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Synthesis of Doped/Hybrid Carbon Dots
Carbon dots (CDs) are a novel type of carbon-based nanomaterial that has gained considerable attention for their unique optical properties, including tunable fluorescence, stability against photobleaching and photoblinking, and strong fluorescence, which is attributed to a large number of organic functional groups (amino groups, hydroxyl, ketonic, ester, and carboxyl groups, etc.). In addition, they also demonstrate high stability and electron mobility. The doping of CDs with organic and inorganic atoms and molecules leads to their functionalization to obtain desired physical and chemical properties for biomedical applications. 
  • 623
  • 22 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Synthesis of Cyclic Sulfoximines via C–H Bond Activation
Sulfoximines, a ubiquitous class of structural motifs, are widely present in bioactive molecules and functional materials that have received considerable attention from modern organic chemistry, pharmaceutical industries, and materials science. Sulfoximines have proved to be an effective directing group for C–H functionalization which was widely investigated for the synthesis of cyclic sulfoximines. C–H activation of sulfoximines has been widely considered to be an efficient method to construct complex scaffolds with potential bioactivities, especially since Bolm discovered the first efficient strategy of Rh-catalyzed annulation of sulfoximines and alkynes in 2013.
  • 724
  • 10 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Synthesis of Conducting Polymers
Conductive polymers (CPs) are a class of organic compounds that belong to a large group of electrochemically active polymers. They have been actively studied for more than 40 years, beginning with the discovery of the conductive properties of halogen-substituted polyacetylene and the preparation of polypyrrole.
  • 979
  • 26 Sep 2023
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