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Topic Review
Antibacterial Agents for Concrete
Concrete is the most used material for the construction of millions of structures around the world. Cementitious structures are often exposed to high humidity environments and the attack of atmospheric agents, such as acid rain, which make them vulnerable to microbial attachment with consequent colonization and deterioration over time. In the light of these considerations, the researchers turned their attention to designing green and sustainable alternative materials that exhibit similar characteristics to the traditional concrete by using nanotechnologies.
  • 1.0K
  • 10 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Polyethyleneimine-Based Lipopolyplexes
Lipopolyplexes based on poliethylenimine are an interesting platform for future anti-cancer gene therapies. The carrier consists of nucleic acids condensed with poliethylenimine chains and enclosed in lipid vesicles. Lipopolyplexes could be very versatile, what enables tailoring the carrier for specific thereapeutic needs, however the preparation process is a multistage and fairly sensitive one, which additionally requires a specific balance to be maintained between its stability in the body, which would allow the appropriate dose of the preparation to reach the target site, and the ability to release nucleic acid at the right place and time.
  • 604
  • 10 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Effect of Sanitizing Treatments on Respirator Filtration Performance
Disposable respirator masks with an accepted performance rating are seriously compromised from an exposure to saturated alcoholic vapours, can tolerate a one-off spray treatment with an alcoholic solution and retain their attested protection under the influence of alcoholic vapours from the use of hand sanitizer or spray sanitizer.
  • 742
  • 10 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Recent Advances in Fabricating Wurtzite AlN
As a representative ultrawide bandgap (UWBG) semiconductor material, wurtzite aluminum nitride (AlN) material has many excellent properties such as high electron mobility (1100 cm2/Vs), high breakdown voltage (11.7 MV/cm), high piezoelectric coefficient, high thermal conductivity (320 W/m·K), high hardness (nine on the Mohs scale), high corrosion resistance, high chemical and thermal stability, as well as high bulk acoustic wave velocity (11,270 m/s).
  • 1.3K
  • 10 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Mechanism of Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents Retention
The extracellular class of gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) is an essential tool for clinical diagnosis and disease management. The differences observed in tissue gadolinium retention and deposition associated with GBCAs administration is the direct consequence of the differing thermodynamic stability and kinetic inertness of GBCAs. 
  • 403
  • 10 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Natural Polymers Used in Edible Food Packaging
Natural polymers like polysaccharides and proteins, i.e., alginate; carrageenan; chitosan; starch; pea protein, are important materials obtained from renewable plant, algae and animal sources, as well as from agroindustrial residues. Historically, some of them have been widely used by ancient populations for food packaging until these were replaced by petroleum-based plastic materials after World War II. Nowadays, biobased materials for food packaging have attracted attention. Their use was boosted especially because of the environmental pollution caused by inappropriate disposal of plastic packaging. Biobased materials are welcome to the design of food packaging because they possess many advantages, such as biodegradability, biocompatibility and low toxicity. Depending on the formulation, certain biopolymer-based packaging may present good barrier properties, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities Thus, polysaccharides and proteins can be combined to form diverse composite films with improved mechanical and biological behaviors, making them suitable for packaging of different food products. 
  • 3.1K
  • 10 Jan 2022
Topic Review
The Different Facets of Triclocarban
In the late 1930s and early 1940s, it was discovered that the substitution on aromatic rings of hydrogen atoms with chlorine yielded a novel chemistry of antimicrobials. However, within a few years, many of these compounds and formulations showed adverse effects, including human toxicity, ecotoxicity, and unwanted environmental persistence and bioaccumulation, quickly leading to regulatory bans and phase-outs. Among these, the triclocarban, a polychlorinated aromatic antimicrobial agent, was employed as a major ingredient of toys, clothing, food packaging materials, food industry floors, medical supplies, and especially of personal care products, such as soaps, toothpaste, and shampoo. Triclocarban has been widely used for over 50 years, but only recently some concerns were raised about its endocrine disruptive properties. In September 2016, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration banned its use in over-the-counter hand and body washes because of its toxicity. The withdrawal of triclocarban has prompted the efforts to search for new antimicrobial compounds and several analogues of triclocarban have also been studied. In this review, an examination of different facets of triclocarban and its analogues will be analyzed.
  • 450
  • 10 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Commercially Important Chlorinated Phenols
Phenols are compounds having a hydroxyl group attached to an aromatic ring such as a benzene or naphthalene ring. Several phenols that also possess one or more chlorine substituents attached to the aromatic ring have significant commercial importance, and these are the subject of this entry.
  • 1.8K
  • 08 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Sulfide-Based Photocatalysts Using Visible Light
Sulfides are frequently used as photocatalysts, since they absorb visible light better than many oxides. They have the disadvantage of being more easily photocorroded. This occurs mostly in oxidizing conditions; therefore, they are commonly used instead in reduction processes, such as CO2 reduction to fuels or H2 production.
  • 587
  • 08 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Hyaluronic Acid-Conjugated Carbon Nanomaterials
Hyaluronic acid (HA) has been implemented for chemo and photothermal therapy to target tumour cells overexpressing the CD44+ receptor. HA-targeting hybrid systems allows carbon nanomaterial (CNM) carriers to efficiently deliver anticancer drugs, such as doxorubicin and gemcitabine, to the tumour sites. 
  • 656
  • 07 Jan 2022
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