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Topic Review
Cellulosic-Based Conductive Hydrogels for Electro-Active Tissues
The use of hydrogel in tissue engineering is not entirely new. In the last six decades, researchers have used hydrogel to develop artificial organs and tissue for the diagnosis of real-life problems and research purposes. Trial and error dominated the first forty years of tissue generation. Nowadays, biomaterials research is constantly progressing in the direction of new materials with expanded capabilities to better meet the current needs.
  • 715
  • 14 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Silicon Nanoparticles from Sugarcane Bagasse Ash
The silica comes from the soil in the form of silicic acid, which the sugarcane plant absorbs and collects around the cellulose micro-compartments.
  • 1.8K
  • 12 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Formation of Reactive Species under Electron Irradiation
Electron-induced chemistry is relevant to many processes that occur when ionizing radiation interacts with matter. This includes radiation damage, curing of polymers, and nanofabrication processes but also the formation of complex molecules in molecular ices grown on dust particles in space. High-energy radiation liberates from such materials an abundance of secondary electrons of which most have energies below 20 eV. These electrons efficiently trigger reactions when they attach to molecules or induce electronic excitation and further ionization. 
  • 585
  • 11 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Ethanol Stability and Composition of Camel Milk
Camel milk has recently gained the interest of consumers and the dairy industry, as it is widely suggested as an ideal substitute for cow milk. The nutritional value and the bioactivity of camel milk proteins have received particular attention from research groups and industrial companies around the world. Camel milk proteins can be used as ingredients in the manufacturing and stabilization of foods and beverages; however, in these applications, the controlled aggregation of milk proteins and stability at high temperatures and in alcohol are desirable. 
  • 787
  • 11 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Structural Changes of Hydroxylapatite during Plasma Spraying
Functional osseoconductive coatings based on hydroxylapatite (HAp) and applied preferentially by atmospheric plasma spraying to medical implant surfaces are a mainstay of modern implantology. During contact with the hot plasma jet, HAp particles melt incongruently and undergo complex dehydration and decomposition reactions that alter their phase composition and crystallographic symmetry, and thus, the physical and biological properties of the coatings. Surface analytical methods such as laser-Raman and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies are useful tools to assess the structural changes of HAp imposed by heat treatment during their flight along the hot plasma jet. 
  • 529
  • 11 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Recycled Silicon and Silicon-Based Thermoelectrics for Power Generation
Silicon is the second most earth-abundant element in the earth’s crust, and the most abundant element used in modern-day technologies. Its popularity partially stems from the nontoxic and relatively unreactive nature of derivatives, such as silica and silicates, at room temperature. Consequently, the sheer volume of silicon being used has accelerated the rate of production of waste materials.
  • 455
  • 11 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Magnetic Solid Nanoparticles and Their Counterparts
Cancer is a malignant disease involving uncontrolled and rapid growth of aberrant and nonfunctional cells as a result of epigenetic and genetic modifications. These have the capacity to metastasize to distant organs of the body. Within the cancer field, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have gained interest as highly functionalized tools that can be applied to diagnosis, monitorization, and therapy. Their relative straightforward synthesis, functionalization, purification, and characterization, together with their usually good biodegradability and diagnostic platform potential, confer major advantages for their use in cancer theranostics. Magnetic solid lipid nanoparticles (mSLNs) represent a new class of functional nanoplatforms that usually consist of inorganic magnetic nanoparticles incorporated in solid lipid nano-matrices and which have great applicability in the medical field.
  • 709
  • 11 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Anthocyanins and Hepatoprotection
Anthocyanins are water-soluble, colored compounds of the flavonoid class, abundantly found in the fruits, leaves, roots, and other parts of the plants. The fruit berries are prime sources and exhibit different colors. The anthocyanins utility as traditional medicament for liver protection and cure, and importance as strongest plants-based anti-oxidants have conferred these plants products different biological activities. These activities include anti-inflammation, liver protective, analgesic, and anti-cancers, which have provided the anthocyanins an immense commercial value, and has impelled their chemistry, biological activity, isolation, and quality investigations as prime focus. 
  • 875
  • 11 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Nanomaterials‘ effects on Plants under Salt Stress
Plant salinity resistance results from a combination of responses at the physiological, molecular, cellular, and metabolic levels. Nanoparticles are used as an emerging tool to stimulate specific biochemical reactions related to plant ecophysiological output because of their small size, increased surface area and absorption rate, efficient catalysis of reactions, and adequate reactive sites. Regulated ecophysiological control in saline environments could play a crucial role in plant growth promotion and survival of plants under suboptimal conditions. Plant biologists are seeking to develop a broad profile of genes and proteins that contribute to plant salt resistance. These plant metabolic profiles can be developed due to advancements in genomic, proteomic, metabolomic, and transcriptomic techniques.
  • 842
  • 11 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Classic Forcefield Refitted for Energetic Materials
Energetic materials (EM) act as the key chemical activity component in weapon systems, and energetic crystals are the main and functional part therein. Until now, the most widely used energetic crystals have been molecular crystals, including TNT, RDX, HMX, and TATB. The thermal properties, mechanical properties, and chemical reactivity of energetic molecular crystals are of great importance for a whole EM. The classic forcefields (FF) are still useful for typical energetic crystals—i.e., even though they generally have simple potential functions, the accuracy can be ensured by refitting for specific compound. 
  • 599
  • 11 Mar 2022
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