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Topic Review
Metallacarbaboranes
Metallacarbaboranes (or metallacarboranes) are compounds that contain cluster polyhedra comprising carbon, boron, and metal atoms in various combinations. Most of the structures of metallacarbaborane clusters derive from triangular-faced polyhedra. The most numerous examples are icosahedral and pentagonal bipyramidal cages.
  • 254
  • 23 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Metal–Support Interaction Effect
Metal–support interaction (MSI) is considered a key effect of electronic and geometric structures of catalysts on tuning catalytic performance. The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a crucial process during energy conversion and storage. MSI describes the influence of the interaction of metals and their compounds on carriers on the catalytic reaction process, especially OER mechanism.
  • 490
  • 16 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Metal–Organic Frameworks-Derived Metal Nanomaterials
Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are used in catalysis due to their high specific surface area and porous structure. In situ electrochemical reduction is a mild and effective reduction method. For some unstable MOFs, the pretreatment process of electrochemical reduction is often accompanied by the reduction of metal ions and spontaneous aggregation to form metal nanomaterials, while the organic ligands or linkers are dissolved in the electrolyte. Compared to MOFs connected through relatively weak coordination bonds, metal nanoparticles connected by metallic bonds are significantly more conductive and stable, which effectively improves the catalyst activity and stability in electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (ECO2RR). At the same time, compared with reducing agents, electrochemical reduction often retains some M-O species or organic ligands on the surface, which has an important impact on catalytic activity and stability. The structure of the MOF precursor also has an important impact on the morphology of the derived catalyst and the corresponding ECO2RR performance.
  • 194
  • 19 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Metal–Organic Frameworks for Removal of Chemical Warfare Agents
The destruction of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) is a crucial area of research due to the ongoing evolution of toxic chemicals. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), a class of porous crystalline solids, have emerged as promising materials for this purpose. Their remarkable porosity and large surface areas enable superior adsorption, reactivity, and catalytic abilities, making them ideal for capturing and decomposing target species. Moreover, the tunable networks of MOFs allow customization of their chemical functionalities, making them practicable in personal protective equipment and adjustable to dynamic environments.
  • 275
  • 02 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Metal–Organic Frameworks Based on Fe and Cu
Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have been postulated as viable, innovative, and efficient technologies for the removal of pollutants from water. Among AOPs, photo-Fenton processes have been shown to be effective for the degradation of various types of organic compounds in industrial wastewater.
  • 389
  • 21 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Metal–Organic Framework-Based Nanozymes
A nanozyme is a nanoscale material having enzyme-like properties. It exhibits several superior properties, including low preparation cost, robust catalytic activity, and long-term storage at ambient temperatures. Moreover, high stability enables repetitive use in multiple catalytic reactions. Hence, it is considered a potential replacement for natural enzymes. Enormous research interest in nanozymes has made it imperative to look for better enzyme-mimicking materials for biomedical applications. Given this, research on metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) as a potential nanozyme material has gained momentum. MOFs are advanced hybrid materials made of inorganic metal ions and organic ligands. Their distinct composition, adaptable pore size, structural diversity, and ease in the tunability of physicochemical properties enable MOFs to mimic enzyme-like activities and act as promising nanozyme candidates. 
  • 157
  • 17 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Metal–Organic Framework-Based Membranes for Gas Separation
Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) represent the largest class of materials among crystalline porous materials ever developed, and have attracted attention as core materials for separation technology. Their extremely uniform pore aperture and nearly unlimited structural and chemical characteristics have attracted great interest and promise for applying MOFs to adsorptive and membrane-based separations. 
  • 1.0K
  • 28 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Metal–Organic Framework-Based Materials for Photocatalytic Nitrogen Fixation
Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are coordination polymers with high porosity that are constructed from molecular engineering. Constructing MOFs as photocatalysts for the reduction of nitrogen to ammonia is a newly emerging but fast-growing field, owing to MOFs’ large pore volumes, adjustable pore sizes, controllable structures, wide light harvesting ranges, and high densities of exposed catalytic sites. They are also growing in popularity because of the pristine MOFs that can easily be transformed into advanced composites and derivatives, with enhanced catalytic performance.
  • 693
  • 18 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Metal-Promoted Heterocyclization
The recent formulation, production, and ongoing administration of vaccines represent a starting point in the battle against SARS-CoV-2, but they cannot be the only aid available. In this regard, the use of drugs capable to mitigate and fight the virus is a crucial aspect of the pharmacological strategy. Among the plethora of approved drugs, a consistent element is a heterocyclic framework inside its skeleton. Heterocycles have played a pivotal role for decades in the pharmaceutical industry due to their high bioactivity derived from anticancer, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory capabilities. In this context, the development of new performing and sustainable synthetic strategies to obtain heterocyclic molecules has become a key focus of scientists.
  • 662
  • 09 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Metal-Oxide FET Biosensor for Point-of-Care Testing
Metal-oxide semiconducting materials are promising for building high-performance field-effect transistor (FET) based biochemical sensors. The existence of well-established top-down scalable manufacturing processes enables the reliable production of cost-effective yet high-performance sensors, two key considerations toward the translation of such devices in real-life applications. Metal-oxide semiconductor FET biochemical sensors are especially well-suited to the development of Point-of-Care testing (PoCT) devices, as illustrated by the rapidly growing body of reports in the field. Yet, metal-oxide semiconductor FET sensors remain confined to date, mainly in academia.
  • 434
  • 31 Jan 2023
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