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Topic Review
Calcium Carbonate as a Drugs Controlled Release Carrier
A drug carrier usually refers to a tool that can carry the effective ingredients of drugs into the human body. The drug-controlled release system prepared by a new drug carrier can allow the gradual release of the drug in the human body at a stable rate, thus decreasing the frequency of administration and reducing the toxicity and side effects thereof; however, existing drug carriers generally have problems such as low drug loading, poor biocompatibility, stability, and specificity, each of which could be improved. Calcium carbonate can be used as a sustained-release carrier of active substances, with good biocompatibility, biodegradability, low cost, easy preparation, and broad application prospects. 
  • 134
  • 28 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Perovskites Application in the Sensing of NPNC Biomarkers
erovskites are materials with a chemical formula of the form ABO3 (oxide-based form) or ABX3 (halogen-based form), ordered in a specific arrangement of atoms in a crystal lattice. It consists of a cubic unit cell in which an atom or ion is located at the center, surrounded by a larger octahedral cage of different atoms or ions. Non-protein nitrogenous compounds (NPNC) such as urea, uric acid, creatine, and creatinine are commonly used as biomarkers of human kidney health. 
  • 247
  • 28 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Dynamic Metal Nanoclusters
Dynamic metal nanoclusters refer to a class of nanoscale metallic assemblies that exhibit dynamic behavior or undergo structural transformations under certain conditions. Unlike conventional static nanoclusters, dynamic metal nanoclusters can exhibit changes in their size, shape, composition, or ligand environment, leading to altered properties and functionalities. These dynamic characteristics arise from the inherent flexibility and adaptability of the metal nanocluster structures, allowing them to respond to external stimuli or undergo reversible transformations. The study of dynamic metal nanoclusters has gained significant attention due to their unique properties and potential applications in various fields, including catalysis, optics, electronics, and energy storage.
  • 186
  • 28 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Materials Based on Cellulose Fibers and Foam Forming
The potential of foam-formed materials based on cellulose fibers (CF) has been harnessed in the pursuit of sustainable and environmentally friendly materials and has gained significant attention. Indeed, foam-formed materials based on CF have emerged as a promising solution. By combining the inherent properties of CF with the unique characteristics of foam-forming, these materials offer a wide range of applications and demonstrate great potential in various industries.
  • 154
  • 27 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Raman Spectroscopy for Monitoring of Photopolymerization Systems
Raman spectroscopy provides the flexibility and resolution needed for in-situ and real-time monitoring of a wide variety of photopolymerization systems, as well as characterization of polymers resulting from these inherently fast and energy-efficient reactions.
  • 135
  • 27 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Common Genera of Cyanobacteria and Their Characteristics
Blue-green algae, or cyanobacteria, may be prevalent in our rivers and tap water. These minuscule bacteria can grow swiftly and form blooms in warm, nutrient-rich water. 
  • 413
  • 27 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Classification, Toxicity and Bioactivity of Natural Diterpenoid Alkaloids
Diterpenoid alkaloids are natural compounds having complex structural features with many stereo-centres originating from the amination of natural tetracyclic diterpenes and produced primarily from plants in the Aconitum, Delphinium, Consolida genera. Corals, Xenia, Okinawan/Clavularia, Alcyonacea (soft corals) and marine sponges are rich sources of diterpenoids, despite the difficulty to access them and the lack of availability. Researchers have long been concerned with the potential beneficial or harmful effects of diterpenoid alkaloids due to their structural complexity, which accounts for their use as pharmaceuticals as well as their lousy reputation as toxic substances. Compounds belonging to this unique and fascinating family of natural products exhibit a broad spectrum of biological activities. Some of these compounds are on the list of clinical drugs, while others act as incredibly potent neurotoxins. Despite numerous attempts to prepare synthetic products, this review only introduces the natural diterpenoid alkaloids, describing ‘compounds’ structures and classifications and their toxicity and bioactivity. The purpose of the review is to highlight some existing relationships between the presence of substituents in the structure of such molecules and their recognised bioactivity.
  • 244
  • 27 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Types of Skin Wounds and Wound Healing
Chronic wounds encompass various types, each exhibiting distinct characteristics that are influenced by changes in the wound microenvironment. Parameters such as temperature, pH value, blood glucose concentration, and pressure undergo fluctuations depending on the type and condition of the wound. Hydrogels, composed of hydrophilic polymers, are promising materials for constructing multifunctional platforms. These hydrogels possess several advantageous properties, including a 3D network structure, high permeability to water and oxygen, and biocompatibility. 
  • 206
  • 27 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Electrochemical Methods for 3D Cu Current Collectors Formation
Copper current collectors (Cu CCs) impact the production technology and performance of many electrochemical devices by their unique properties and reliable operation. The efficiency of the related processes and the operation of the electrochemical devices could be significantly improved by optimization of the Cu CCs. Metallic Cu plays an important role in electrochemical energy storage and electrocatalysis, primarily as a conducting substrate on which the chemical processes take place. Li nucleation and growth can be influenced by the current collector by modulating the local current density and Li ion transport.
  • 120
  • 27 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Lactoferrin's Characteristics and Properties
Lactoferrin (LF) is a component of the whey protein of milk of most mammals, probably with the exception of dogs and rats. The concentration of lactoferrin in milk depends on the phase of lactation. It has been proven that colostrum can contain up to seven times more LF than mature milk. Human body cells can produce lactoferrin and it is also found in many organs and cells of the human body. Its presence has been confirmed in kidneys, lungs, gallbladder, pancreas, intestine, liver, prostate, saliva, tears, sperm, cerebrospinal fluid, urine, bronchial secretions, vaginal discharge, synovial fluid, umbilical cord blood, blood plasma, and cells of the immune system. It is present wherever the body needs quick and effective protection against external threats.
  • 218
  • 27 Sep 2023
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