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Topic Review
Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials in Organic Solar Cells
The thin-film organic solar cells (OSCs) are currently one of the most promising photovoltaic technologies to effectively harvest the solar energy due to their attractive features of mechanical flexibility, light weight, low-cost manufacturing, and solution-processed large-scale fabrication, etc. However, the relative insufficient light absorption, short exciton diffusion distance, and low carrier mobility of the OSCs determine the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the devices are relatively lower than their inorganic photovoltaic counterparts. To conquer the challenges, the two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, which have excellent photoelectric properties, tunable energy band structure, and solvent compatibility etc., exhibit the great potential to enhance the performance of the OSCs.
  • 772
  • 19 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Tormentic Acid
Tormentic acid, also known as 2α,3β,19α-trihydroxyurs-2-en-28-oic acid (IUPAC Name: (1R,2R,4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,10R,11R,12aR,14bS)-1,10,11-trihydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid), is a pentacyclic triterpene. Its biological activity e.g. anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, anti-cancer, anti-osteoarthritic, antinociceptive, antioxidative, anti-melanogenic, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, and antiparasitic has been confirmed in in vitro and in vivo studies. This molecule and its derivatives can be found in various plant species and families (e.g. Rosaceae, Lamiaceae, Myrtaceae, Oleaceae, Urticaceae, Boraginaceae), including edibles and herbs. 
  • 772
  • 01 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Natural and Semi-Synthetic Compounds for Wound Healing
Skin wounds are injuries that compromise or damage the structural integrity and optimal functioning of the skin and can be grouped into acute and chronic depending on the skin repair and recovery time frame. Specific interest is given to Aloevera, curcumin, cinnamaldehyde, polyhexanide, retinoids, ascorbate, tocochromanols, and chitosan. These compounds (when alone or in formulation with other biologically active molecules) could be a dependable alternative in the management or prevention of chronic wounds.
  • 771
  • 27 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Ionic-Liquid-Based Materials for Protein-related Applications
Supported ionic liquids (SILs) have been investigated as alternative supports for enzymes in biocatalysis and as new supports in preparative liquid chromatography for the purification of high-value proteins and enzymes. SILs are materials in which ionic liquids are introduced to modify the surface and properties of materials, e.g. as ligands covalently bond or physiosorbed.
  • 772
  • 23 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Two-Dimensional Materials for Optoelectronics Applications
The past one and a half decades have witnessed the tremendous progress of two-dimensional (2D) crystals, including graphene, transition-metal dichalcogenides, black phosphorus, MXenes, hexagonal boron nitride, etc., in a variety of fields. The key to their success is their unique structural, electrical, mechanical and optical properties. Two-dimensional materials are layered crystalline solids that have strong bonding in the crystal plane, while the forces between the adjacent atomic layers are weak van-der-Waals forces. The special structure of 2D materials endows them with many remarkable abilities.
  • 771
  • 12 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Leaves of Diospyros kaki (Persimmon)
Diospyros kaki (persimmon) leaves have long been utilized as traditional medicine for the treatment of ischemic stroke, angina, and hypertension and as a healthy beverage and cosmetic for anti-aging. This study aimed to isolate as many compounds as possible from an ethanol extract of the persimmon leaves to identify the biologically active compounds. The antioxidative effect of the ethyl acetate layer from the ethanol extract of the persimmon leaves was demonstrated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and online high-performance liquid chromatography-2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (HPLC-ABTS) analysis. 
  • 771
  • 11 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Farming and Cultivation
We like to report on the concept of an advanced energy-engineering system for self-sustainable and rural areas farming and cultivation (RAFC). In this energy-engineering approach, we accounted for the effects of thin-film coated energy-saving features, in an optimized off-grid hybrid power generation system for advanced farm-house. Design and optimization of a hybrid (photovoltaic-battery-generator) power system have been performed by using the Hybrid Optimization of Multiple Energy Resources (HOMER Pro _ Version 3.14.0) software, developed by National Renewable Energy Limited (NREL, Boulder, CO 80301, USA). Optimized results show that the off-grid hybrid system together with the additional Low-E type coating assisted energy-saving features is more feasible for next-generation modern cultivation and farming with long-term sustainability. 
  • 771
  • 26 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Fundamentals and Applications of Triboelectric Nanogenerator
The triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is a promising research topic for the conversion of mechanical to electrical energy and its application in different fields. Among the various applications, self-powered bio-medical sensing application has become popular. The selection of a wide variety of materials and the simple design of devices have made it attractive for the applications of real-time self-powered healthcare sensing systems. 
  • 771
  • 13 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Antimicrobial Activity of Nitroaromatic Derivatives
Searching for new and efficient pharmaceuticals is a constant struggle for medicinal chemists. New substances are needed in order to treat different pathologies affecting the health of humans and animals, and these new compounds should be safe, effective and have the fewest side effects possible. Some functional groups are known for having biological activity; in this matter, the nitro group (NO2) is an efficient scaffold when synthesizing new bioactive molecules. Nitro compounds display a wide spectrum of activities that include antineoplastic, antibiotic, antihypertensive, antiparasitic, tranquilizers and even herbicides, among others.
  • 771
  • 14 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Synthesis of Organoclays
Organoclays are effective adsorbents, prepared by intercalation or surface grafting of clays and clay minerals with various organic compounds. Organoclays have important practical applications as adsorbents of a wide range of organic pollutants and some inorganic contaminants.
  • 770
  • 06 Aug 2021
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