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Topic Review
Lipid Oxidation Mechanism in the Oil-Based Food Products
In bulk oils, modifying the polarity of antioxidants by chemical methods (e.g., esterifying antioxidants with fatty alcohol or fatty acids) and combining antioxidants with surfactants with low hydrophilic–lipophilic balance value (e.g., lecithin and polyglycerol polyricinoleate) can be effective strategies for inhibiting peroxidation. Lipid oxidation is an important economic concern in the food industry, primarily because it can influence the quality attributes and nutritional profile of oil-based products. Food manufacturers often have different options to use different methods and reduce the oxidation rate of oil-based food products.
  • 5
  • 20 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Metal Oxide-Based Photocatalysts for CO2 Reduction
The photoconversion of CO2 into solar fuels seems to curb greenhouse effect and resolve the energy crisis. One of the challenges in developing practical CO2 photoconversion catalysts is to design materials with a low cost, high activity and good stability. The excellent photocatalysts based on TiO2, WO3, ZnO, Cu2O and CeO2 metal oxides that are cost-effective and long-lasting were discussed. Strategies to improve CO2 photoconversion efficiency are summarized and photocatalysts forms of 0D, 1D, 2D and 3DOM (zero/one/two-dimensional and three-dimensional-ordered macroporous, respectively) are involved, which can inspire the future improvement in photochemistry.
  • 6
  • 20 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Functional Protective Sustainable Coatings
To meet modern society’s requirements for sustainability and environmental protection, innovative and smart surface coatings are continually being developed to improve or impart surface functional qualities and protective features. These needs regard numerous different sectors, such as cultural heritage, building, naval, automotive, environmental remediation and textiles. In this regard, researchers and nanotechnology are therefore mostly devoted to the development of new and smart nanostructured finishings and coatings featuring different implemented properties, such as anti-vegetative or antibacterial, hydrophobic, anti-stain, fire retardant, controlled release of drugs, detection of molecules and mechanical resistance.
  • 10
  • 20 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Applications of Pullulan-Based Biomaterials
Polysaccharide polymers have been used to fabricate wound dressings. The applications of biopolymers, such as chitin, gelatin, pullulan, and chitosan, have greatly expanded in the biomedical field due to their non-toxic, antibacterial, biocompatible, hemostatic, and nonimmunogenic properties. Most of these polymers have been used in the form of foams, films, sponges, and fibers in drug carrier devices, skin tissue scaffolds, and wound dressings. Currently, special focus has been directed towards the fabrication of wound dressings based on synthesized hydrogels using natural polymers. The high-water retention capacity of hydrogels makes them potent candidates for wound dressings as they provide a moist environment in the wound and remove excess wound fluid, thereby accelerating wound healing. The incorporation of pullulan with different, naturally occurring polymers, such as chitosan, in wound dressings is currently attracting much attention due to the antimicrobial, antioxidant and nonimmunogenic properties. Despite the valuable properties of pullulan, it also has some limitations, such as poor mechanical properties and high cost. However, these properties are improved by blending it with different polymers. Additionally, more investigations are required to obtain pullulan derivatives with suitable properties in high quality wound dressings and tissue engineering applications. 
  • 5
  • 20 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Quinones as Promising Compounds against Respiratory Viruses
Respiratory viruses represent a world public health problem, giving rise to annual seasonal epidemics and several pandemics caused by some of these viruses, including the COVID-19 pandemic. Some antiviral drugs have been licensed for the treatment of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus, but they cause side effects, lead to resistant viral strains, or possess various limitations. On the other hand, no specific drugs are licensed to treat other viral respiratory diseases. In this sense, natural products have appeared as promising alternatives in searching for new compounds with antiviral activity. Quinones have demonstrated activity against respiratory viruses, so the activity of the different types of natural and synthetic quinones against these pathogens and their molecular targets are summarized.
  • 32
  • 20 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Role of Anticancer Drug Glycoconjugates
Sugars, which are a structural element during both the synthesis of the aforementioned glycoconjugates and the preparation of polysaccharide or glycopolymer carriers of anticancer drugs, are widely distributed in nature and also constitute one of the main classes of natural compounds found in living organisms, where they perform important functions in many physiological and pathological processes. 
  • 37
  • 20 Mar 2023
Topic Review
SAPO-34 Zeolite Membranes
In the zeolite family, the silicoaluminophosphate (SAPO)-34 zeolite has a unique chemical structure, distinctive pore size, adsorption characteristics, as well as chemical and thermal stability, has attracted much research attention. Increasing global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions pose a serious environmental threat to humans, animals, plants, and the entire environment.
  • 25
  • 20 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors and Its Fabrication Process
The high performance, multi-functionality, and high integration of electronic devices are made possible in large part by the multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs). Due to their low cost, compact size, wide capacitance range, low equivalent series inductance (ESL) and equivalent series resistance (ESR), and excellent frequency response, MLCCs play a significant role in contemporary electronic devices.
  • 28
  • 20 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Phosphorus-Substituted Pyridines
Phosphorus(V)-substituted pyridine was first synthesized by Plazek’s research group in 1936 by a reaction of 2-dimethylaminopyridine with phosphorus trichloride under oxidative conditions. Later, related compounds were obtained by reactions of metalated pyridines with phosphorus-halogen compounds, of pyridinediazonium tetrafluoroborate with phosphorus trichloride, of N-alkoxypyridines with sodium diethyl phosphite and phosphines, and of N-pyridylpyridines with phosphonic acid, by the Michaelis–Arbuzov reaction, Pd(II)-catalyzed phosphorylation of halopyridines, cyclization of phosphorus-containing 3-azatrienes, and the Diels–Alder reaction involving 3-phosphoryl-1-azadienes.
  • 21
  • 20 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probes for Cell Membrane Imaging
Cell membrane (CM) is a phospholipid bilayer that maintains integrity of a whole cell and relates to many physiological and pathological processes. Developing CM imaging tools is a feasible method for visualizing membrane-related events. Small-molecular fluorescent probes in the near-infrared (NIR) region have been pursued extensively for CM staining to investigate its functions and related events.
  • 24
  • 17 Mar 2023
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