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Topic Review
Dietary Interventions in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders in childhood, affecting ~7% of children and adolescents. Specific dietary interventions have been proposed as coadjuvant treatments in this disorder. These include nutritional supplements with vitamins, minerals, and polyunsaturated fatty acids; microbiome-targeted interventions with pre-, pro-, and synbiotics; and specific diets such as restriction or elimination diets. Regarding nutritional supplements, only vitamin D and vitamin D + magnesium appear to improve ADHD symptoms when baseline levels of vitamin D are insufficient/deficient. As for biotics, evidence has only been found for Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and for multi-species probiotic supplementation. Elimination diets have scarce evidence and lead to nutritional deficiencies, so caution is advised.
  • 797
  • 30 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Quick-Response-Based Technology in Healthcare and Dentistry
 The present smart card is an advance in patient identification, using a quick-response (QR) code to automatically report or receive certain types of responses from patients or physicians once illuminated by signals from QR readers.
  • 382
  • 30 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Child Marriage in South Asia
Child marriage is a serious public health issue with dire implications at the individual and societal level. Child marriage refers to formal marriages and informal unions in which one or both parties are under 18 years of age and live with a partner as if married. Almost half of all child marriages globally originate from South Asia. 
  • 752
  • 30 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Macrolide Resistance in Bordetella pertussis
Pertussis is a highly contagious respiratory infection caused by Bordetella pertussis bacterium. The mainstay of treatment is macrolide antibiotics that reduce transmissibility, shorten the duration of symptoms and decrease mortality in infants. 
  • 445
  • 30 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Atmospheric Environment and COVID-19 Pandemic
Since the COVID-19 outbreak, the scientific community has been trying to clarify various problems, such as the mechanism of virus transmission, environmental impact, and socio-economic impact. The spread of COVID-19 in the atmospheric environment is variable and uncertain, potentially resulting in differences in air pollution. Many scholars are striving to explore the relationship between air quality, meteorological indicators, and COVID-19 to understand the interaction between COVID-19 and the atmospheric environment. COVID-19 and air quality, meteorological factors affecting the spread of COVID-19, air pollution, and human health are the main topics. Environmental variables have a certain impact on the spread of SARS-CoV-2, and the prevalence of COVID-19 has improved the atmospheric environment to some extent. 
  • 353
  • 29 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Emergency First Responders and Professional Wellbeing
Emergency first responders (EFRs) such as police officers, firefighters, paramedics and logistics personnel often suffer high turnover due to work-related stress, high workloads, fatigue, and declining professional wellbeing. Considering their professional roles, EFRs are often exposed to critical situations which pose a danger to their physical and mental health. As attempts to counter this through resilience programmes tend to have limited success, there is a need for further research into how organisational policies could change to improve EFRs’ professional wellbeing. 
  • 567
  • 29 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Indolepropionic Acid and Risk of T2DM & NAFLD
Gut-derived metabolites such as indolepropionic acid (IPA) are known to paly an important contribution in the development of metabolic diseases. The source of IPA depends on the dietary tryptophan intake, especially fiber, and presence of specific bacterial species in the human gut. In the present narrative review we elaborate on the role of IPA in type 2 diabetes (T2D) as well as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Researchers further explored the association of IPA with well known T2D-genetic variants and IPA-linked mechanisms affecting glucose metabolism and liver fibrosis.
  • 430
  • 28 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Nutritional Considerations during Spaceflights
The main nutritional concerns during a spaceflight include the sufficient provision of energy to counteract the negative energy balance, which is often experienced by astronauts, the prevention of a deficiency in micronutrients, and fluid and sodium management. Furthermore, of utmost importance is the provision of specific nutrients to face spaceflight-induced pathophysiological events.
  • 363
  • 28 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Food Loss and Waste
According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), about 1.3 billion tons of food, equivalent to one-third of worldwide food production, is lost or wasted. Along the value chain, food loss and waste (FLW) occur at every stage, including production, transportation, storage, processing, retailing, and consumption. Compared to developing countries, very few post-harvest losses occur in developed countries due to technical progress. However, in developing countries, about 40% of the total FLW comes from households.
  • 1.0K
  • 28 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Tourism, Ethnicity, and Gender in Yunnan
If a tourist looks for destinations with colourful and exotic lifestyles in China, then Yunnan would certainly be one of the more popular choices due to its high proportion of ethnic populations. Gender gaps appear to be reduced, with ethnic woman often conducting better business than their male counterparts. Additionally, ethnic women have the opportunity to explore the potentials of their own capacity. They come into contact with the outside world and gain better social capital, along with expanding choices, and social recognition.
  • 314
  • 28 Nov 2022
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