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Topic Review
Importance of Micronutrients in the Older Adults
Aging precipitates significant changes in physical, cognitive, and physiological realms, profoundly impacting nutritional needs. Aging brings declines in muscle mass, immune function, bone density, nutrient absorption, metabolism, and oral health status. Micronutrients (e.g., omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals—selenium, fluoride, zinc, iron, and manganese), are of particular importance and are fundamental in terms of human metabolism, physiology, and general and oral health.
  • 199
  • 04 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Evacuation Solutions for Individuals with Functional Limitations
The built environment continues to become increasingly accessible to people with disabilities, yet there remains a lack of focus on how these individuals are evacuated in emergencies. Studies highlight the importance of tailoring solutions to the needs of individuals with different functional limitations. There are six main evacuation solution types: notification, wayfinding, egress, building design, strategy, and training programs. 
  • 199
  • 31 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Intraoperative Radiotherapy in Conservative Breast Cancer Treatment
Radiation therapy is an important part of conservative breast cancer treatment. Boost radiation of the tumor bed at enough doses is often necessary to increase local control of the disease. There are several techniques for administering a boost, including intraoperative radiotherapy.
  • 199
  • 05 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Potential Harmful Effects of Genetically Engineered Microorganisms
Gut luminal dysbiosis and pathobiosis result in compositional and biodiversified alterations in the microbial and host co-metabolites. The primary mechanism of bacterial evolution is horizontal gene transfer (HGT), and the acquisition of new traits can be achieved through the exchange of mobile genetic elements (MGEs). Introducing genetically engineered microbes (GEMs) might break the harmonized balance in the intestinal compartment.
  • 198
  • 31 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Respiratory Toxicology of Graphene-Based Nanomaterials
Graphene-based nanomaterials (GBNs) consist of a single or few layers of graphene sheets or modified graphene including pristine graphene, graphene nanosheets (GNS), graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), as well as graphene modified with various functional groups or chemicals (e.g., hydroxyl, carboxyl, and polyethylene glycol), which are frequently used in industrial and biomedical applications owing to their exceptional physicochemical properties.
  • 196
  • 29 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Assisted Robots in Therapies for Children
Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have deficits that affect their social relationships, communication, and flexibility in reasoning. There are different types of treatment (pharmacological, educational, psychological, and rehabilitative). Currently, one way to address this problem is by using robotic systems to address the abilities that are altered in these children.
  • 196
  • 18 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Awareness and Knowledge of Human Papillomavirus
The burden of human papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV-related diseases, particularly cervical cancer, are still very high in Africa. Unlike HIV/AIDS, the burden is still largely unrecognized in several African countries. HPV is diagnosed in more than 90% of cervical cancers, which are the most common cause of cancer death among women in Africa. Overall, HPV infection and related diseases are more prevalent in developing countries with minimal resources to tackle them. For instance, Africa is characterized by low access to health services and cancer care in particular.
  • 195
  • 31 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Training provided to Paramedics in Low-Acuity Clinical Conditions
Ambulance services around the world are increasingly attending to calls for non-emergency conditions. These lower-acuity conditions do not always require patients to be transported to the emergency department. Consequently, over the past two decades, ambulance services have implemented strategies to support paramedics in diverting non-urgent patients to alternative care pathways. However, assessing and managing low-acuity conditions can be challenging for paramedics, especially when education and training has traditionally focused on emergency care.
  • 195
  • 22 Mar 2024
Topic Review
School-Based Interventions for Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors in Children
Diet and physical activity interventions had favorable effects on a series of health outcomes, including anthropometric parameters, biomarkers, eating behavior and self-efficacy. Diet-only interventions had a positive impact specifically on eating habits, mostly on water consumption. Most successful interventions lasted for 1 school year, and they were characterized by parental involvement and teachers’ training.
  • 194
  • 27 Oct 2023
Topic Review
COVID-19 Pandemic And Mental Health
When “hijacked” by compulsive behaviors that affect the reward and stress centers of the brain, functional changes in the dopamine circuitry occur as the consequence of pathological brain adaptation. As a brain correlate of mental health, dopamine has a central functional role in behavioral regulation from healthy reward-seeking to pathological adaptation to stress in response to adversity.
  • 192
  • 21 Nov 2023
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