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Topic Review
Digital Therapeutics (DTx) for Egocentric and Allocentric Neglect
Neglect is a clinical feature observed in cases of brain injury, particularly those affecting the right hemisphere, in which individuals have difficulty recognizing the contralesional side of space. Various therapeutic approaches have been developed for neglect. Many studies have demonstrated the effect of digital therapeutics (DTx) on neglect. Digital therapeutics (DTx) is a newly emerging concept of therapeutic approach in the healthcare system. It is a subdivision of digital health, which is defined as a healthcare system driven by any form of digital technology. The components of digital therapeutics include smartphones, personal digital assistants, virtual reality (VR), and tablet computers that converge with software algorithms. DTx can help reduce healthcare costs and improve availability to patients. However, few studies have reported the effects of DTx on egocentric and allocentric neglect. The differentiation of types of neglect and separate interventions is crucial in the rehabilitation process.
  • 376
  • 08 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Functional and Psychological Changes in Post-COVID-19 Patients
Symptoms such as muscle pain, fatigue, and weakness are reported in post-COVID-19 patients. The exact action mechanisms of COVID-19 on patients is not determined.
  • 376
  • 08 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in India
Although diabetes mellitus during pregnancy (DIP) causes hyperglycemia in pregnancy (HIP), it is gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) that remains the major cause of HIP. DIP, either antedating or detected during pregnancy, is the more hazardous form of HIP, producing severe hyperglycemia early in pregnancy, which persists postpartum; on the other hand, GDM causes mild hyperglycemia late in pregnancy, which usually disappears after delivery. As normal pregnancy advances, it causes insulin resistance. 
  • 375
  • 10 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Antibiotics in Animal Origin Food
Antibiotics are antimicrobial substances formed by or obtained from microorganisms that kill or inhibit the growth of other microorganisms. Antibiotics were first approved for use in livestock by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1951. The European Union has forbidden the use of antibiotics as growth promoters since 2006. Its abusive use leads to the presence of antibiotic residues (AR) in foods of animal origin which is associated with antibiotic resistance.
  • 375
  • 01 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Mathematical Background of 5D model of the aorta
Visualization is crucial for the display and understanding of medical image data. For diagnostic and surgical planning, radiologists and surgeons must be able to evaluate the data appropriately. Many imaging systems’ data can incorporate both functional and structural information, resulting in 4D datasets. When the image contains spectral information, it can be extended to 5D in some circumstances. Overall, 5D imaging reveals more information than 4D imaging.
  • 374
  • 17 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Falsified Medicines Directive in European Union
The Falsified Medicines Directive (FMD) and the Delegated Regulation (DR) impact the pharmaceutical supply chain. The European Union published the Falsified Medicines Directive, introducing a safety feature on the packages of drugs, ensuring the verification of a drug’s authenticity before supplying it to the patient. The details of implementing a Europe-wide system for authentication of medicines is included in the Delegated Regulation, published in February 2016. The deadline for DR implementation was 9 February 2019, with the authentication systems required to be operational and running before this deadline. The FMD impacts the entire pharmaceutical supply chain.
  • 374
  • 24 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Revolutionizing Epidemic to Pandemic
Coronavirus belongs to the vast group of viruses, under the family Coronaviridae with the subfamily of Ortocoronavirinae found in the order Nidovirales and realm Riboviria.
  • 374
  • 15 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Structural Determinants of Child Health in Rural China
Many factors could have led to the relatively poor levels of health among China’s rural children. In addition to the direct income effect on children’s health, children in rural areas face disadvantages compared with their urban counterparts from the beginning of life: Prenatal care and infant health outcomes are worse in rural areas; rural caregivers have poor health outcomes and lack knowledge and support to provide adequate nurturing care to young children; there are large disparities in access to quality health care between rural and urban areas; and rural families are more likely to lack access to clean water and sanitation. 
  • 374
  • 14 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Therapy for Patients with Hereditary Angioedema during Pregnancy
Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare, inherited disease caused by a deficiency (HAE-1) or lack of functional (HAE-2) C1 inhibitor protein. The symptoms present with mucocutaneous swelling of various organ systems, such as the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems, which can manifest as stridor and abdominal pain, respectively. HAE can present with increased frequency and severity of attacks during the pregnancy and lactation period. This is thought to be due to hormonal changes, which may trigger HAE attacks. The management of this condition in pregnant and lactating patients can be challenging for providers due to disease rarity and the lack of data regarding the management of this specific population. 
  • 373
  • 18 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Improving Clinical Outcomes by Maintaining Vitamin D Sufficiency
Treatment of vitamin D deficiency costs less than 0.01% of one-day hospitalization. Despite cost-benefits, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency remains high worldwide. This was vivid among those who died from COVID-19—most had vitamin D deficiency. Yet, the lack of direction to use vitamin D as an adjunct therapy from health agencies was astonishing. Data confirmed that keeping an individual’s serum 25(OH)D concentrations above 50 ng/mL (125 nmol/L) (and above 40 ng/mL in the population) reduces risks from community outbreaks and autoimmune disorders. Maintaining such concentrations in 97.5% of people is achievable through daily safe sun exposure (except in countries far from the equator during winter) or taking between 5,000 and 8,000 IU vitamin D supplements daily (average, ~70 to 90 IU/kg body weight). Those with gastrointestinal malabsorption, obesity, or on medications that increase catabolism of vitamin D and a few specific disorders require much higher intake. The text evaluates the doses and administration of vitamin D necessary for better clinical outcomes regarding disease prevention and treatment. 
  • 373
  • 26 Sep 2023
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