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Topic Review
Dietary Natural Products and Nutrients on Depression
Neuropsychiatric disease is a serious public health problem in the world. Depression and anxiety are two of the most common neuropsychiatric diseases, and they usually occur simultaneously or sequentially. There are nearly 322 million people suffering from depression in the world and it has become the second leading cause of years lost to disability worldwide. Depression is characterized by fatigue, anhedonia, sleep disturbance, and self-destructive behavior, which seriously affect patients’ mental health and social functions. The pathology of depression was associated with neuroinflammation, monoamine deficiency, gut microbiota disorder, the hyperactivity of the HPA axis, and so on.
  • 317
  • 14 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Massive Open Online Courses in Healthcare Field
In the healthcare field, the need to ensure effective and economically sustainable training has led to a focus on technology-enhanced learning (TEL) and, specifically, to massive open online courses (MOOCs). These courses can be regarded as a significant step forward in the educational field due to the ease of access and convenient content delivery they offer. Specifically, MOOCs are courses potentially aimed at an unlimited number of students (massive). They can register free of charge (open) and enjoy, via the internet (online), learning-oriented content characterized by a structured learning plan (course).
  • 467
  • 14 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Calculus as a Risk Factor for Periodontal Disease
Based on the 2018 classification of periodontal disease, a series of articles have been published describing the decision points of periodontal therapy and how the findings collected at those decision points can be used as guidelines for periodontal therapy.
  • 660
  • 11 Nov 2022
Topic Review
COVID-19-Related Neuro Events and Adverse Outcome Pathways
Several reports have shown that the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has the potential to also be neurotropic. Four Adverse Outcome Pathways (AOPs) leading to neurological adverse outcomes (AO), anosmia, encephalitis, stroke, and seizure, were developed. Biological key events (KEs) identified to induce these AOs included binding to ACE2, blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption, hypoxia, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress. The modularity of AOPs allows the construction of AOP networks to visualize core pathways and recognize neuroinflammation and BBB disruption as shared mechanisms.
  • 449
  • 11 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Psychological and Cognitive Effects of Long COVID
Long COVID is a clinical syndrome characterized by profound fatigue, neurocognitive difficulties, muscle pain, weakness, and depression, lasting beyond the 3–12 weeks following infection with SARS-CoV-2.
  • 370
  • 11 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Pneumococcal Disease in High-Risk Adults in Lebanon
Pneumococcal disease is predominantly caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae and affects people across all ages. The risk of pneumococcal disease increases distinctly with age.
  • 399
  • 08 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Mediterranean Diet and Potential Drug-Food Interactions
There is a growing interest among people in western countries for adoption of healthier lifestyle habits and diet behaviors with one of the most known ones to be Mediterranean diet (Med-D). Med-D is linked with daily consumption of food products such as vegetables, fruits, whole grains, seafood, beans, nuts, olive oil, low-fat food derivatives and limited consumption of meat or full fat food products. Med-D is well-known to promote well-being and lower the risk of chronic conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. On the other hand, bioactive constituents in foods may interfere with drugs’ pharmacological mechanisms, modulating the clinical outcome leading to drug-food interactions (DFIs). This text discusses current evidence for food products that are included within the Med-D and available scientific data suggest a potential contribution in DFIs with impact on therapeutic outcome. Proper patient education and consultation from healthcare providers is important to avoid any conflicts and side effects due to clinically significant DFIs.
  • 807
  • 08 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Promoting Physical Activity among Workers
Insufficient physical activity (PA) has been identified as a leading risk factor for premature and all-cause death, as well as non-communicable diseases. Employees, especially those with low occupational PA, are more vulnerable to physical inactivity, and studies in this population are scarce. However, employees may receive benefits for both health and work productivity from PA. Therefore, well-designed behavior change studies to promote PA in employees are urgently needed, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Intervention mapping (IM) was a useful tool to develop, implement, and evaluate behavior change interventions. 
  • 362
  • 08 Nov 2022
Topic Review
The COVID-19 and Autism-Spectrum Experience (CASE) Parent Survey
The COVID-19 outbreak represented a challenging period, especially for people suffering from pre-existing mental health related issues. Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are among this patient population and thus particularly at risk due to their vulnerability and difficulties with adapting to changes and complex situations. The CASE parent survey was developed by a group of physicians, psychologists, and child life specialists, in order to assess the impact of the COVID-19 emergency on children and adolescents with ASD. It consists of 40 questions (20 yes/no questions, 18 multiple choice questions and 2 open-response questions), subdivided into three categories investigating Autism Spectrum Disorder's subjects socio-demographic and clinical characteristics, the impact the COVID-19 outbreak had on their physical and mental wellbeing, and the needs to deal with the ongoing emergency.
  • 609
  • 08 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Roles of Calcium Ions in Parkinson’s Disease
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative movement disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons, which results in motor impairment.  Ca2+ homeostasis disruption and mitochondrial dysfunction play a vital role in PD aetiology. In addition, the L-type voltage-gated calcium channel is expressed at high levels amongst nigral neurons, and could play a role in the pathogenesis of PD. In the dopaminergic neurons, Ca2+ entry through plasma membrane Cav1 channels drives a sustained feed-forward stimulation of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. The R-type calcium channel is a type of voltage-dependent calcium channel. Available findings suggest that calcium homeostasis in dopaminergic neurons might be a valuable target for developing new drugs for PD patients.
  • 483
  • 07 Nov 2022
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