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Topic Review
Relationship between Personality and Intelligence
There are two major theories in this area. First, compensation theory suggests that conscientiousness acts as a “coping/reimbursing strategy” for less intelligent, but ambitious and competitive, people in particular settings. Thus, relatively less intelligent individuals may become more methodical, organised, thorough, and persistent (i.e., conscientious) to compensate for their relative lack of intelligence in a highly competitive educational or work environment. That is, they can achieve as much as bright people by simply working harder and smarter. Alternatively, relatively more intelligent people may tend to succeed based on their cognitive efficiency, rather than strenuous effort or persistent effort and organisation.
  • 323
  • 01 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Important Weapons against AMR in Sub Saharan Africa
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the top 10 global health threats facing humanity, and the sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is among the heavily affected regions due to its weak health systems and limited resources. Due to an escalating number of AMR pathogens and the scarcity of new antimicrobials, efforts in the prevention of infections and the search for alternative treatment options are ongoing. The highlighted weapons against AMR include vaccines, education and awareness, infection prevention and control (IPC) using water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH), alternative treatment options, the One Health (OH) approach, AMR surveillance, operational national action plans (NAPs) on AMR, antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programs, and good governance and regulations. Despite not being used at a satisfactory level in SSA, advanced techniques in dealing with AMR in SSA include (i) metagenomics, (ii) whole-genome sequencing (WGS) in AMR surveillance to track resistance trends and know when to intervene, and (iii) use of artificial intelligence in AMR prediction based on genomics data. 
  • 322
  • 26 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Palliative Care in Older People with Multimorbidities
Although numerous studies have been conducted on the needs of cancer patients at the end of their life, there is a lack of studies focused on older patients with non-oncological complex chronic multipathologies. Examining these needs would help to gain a greater understanding of the profile of this specific population within the palliative care (PC) pathway and how the health and care systems can address them. Substantial changes are needed in health and care systems at the institutional level to provide more specialized PC environments and systematized PC processes for multimorbid older patients. It is vital to understand and address the needs of multimorbid older patients and their caregivers given that the number of these patients is growing, which may challenge current healthcare systems. 
  • 322
  • 06 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Erectile Dysfunction and Its Impact on Relationships
Explore how effective partner communication can significantly aid in the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) in this insightful article from ED Generic Store. Delving into the importance of emotional connection, open dialogue, and mutual support, this piece offers practical guidance for couples navigating the complexities of ED together. Learn how fostering trust, sharing concerns, and exploring lifestyle changes can enhance intimacy and improve overall relationship satisfaction. Gain valuable insights into the role of professional help and the power of celebrating progress as partners work collaboratively towards overcoming ED and revitalizing their connection.
  • 322
  • 09 May 2024
Topic Review
Health Literacy
Health literacy is the intersection of general literacy, health, and healthcare, but it can also incorporate elements of other types of literacies to varying degrees. The notion of literacy surfaced from the fear that individuals would require more than general literacy skills to manage the complexities of health and health system issues. There is a substantial overlap between general literacy and health literacy. Therefore, general literacy alone may not be enough to live a healthy lifestyle, articulate the health systems and to prevent, manage and control diseases. The questions is: Does health literacy have an impact on adherence to diabetes mellitus treatment? This question is not only limited to diabetes mellitus.
  • 321
  • 23 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Objectivizing Measures of Post-Stroke Hand Rehabilitation through Multi-Disciplinary Scales
There is a wide variety of tools and measures for rehabilitation outcomes in post-stroke patients with impairments in the upper limb and hand, such as paralysis, paresis, flaccidity, and spasticity. However, there is a lack of general recommendations for selecting the most appropriate scales, tests, and instruments to objectively evaluate therapy outcomes. Reviews on upper limb and hand measurements reveal that clinicians’ choices of tools and methods are highly varied. Some clinicians and medical teams continue to employ non-standard and unverified metrics in their research and measurements.
  • 320
  • 09 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Photodynamic Therapy on Halitosis
Halitosis is a term that consists of any unpleasant odor emanating from the oral cavity, the source of which may be local or systemic. This alteration in mouth odor is the third major cause of the search for oral treatment. Anaerobic bacteria are identified as the main cause of halitosis.
  • 320
  • 25 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Preparedness Strategies for Changing Climate in Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia’s evolving climate narrative offers a microcosm of the broader challenges facing our global ecosystem. While nations around the world grapple with their unique climate challenges, the Kingdom’s experiences—including its policy shifts, infrastructural innovations, and societal adaptations—provide both a cautionary tale and a roadmap. In particular, its endeavors to retrofit cities, preserve water resources, and promote climate-conscious policies present actionable insights for nations at various junctures of their environmental journeys.
  • 320
  • 18 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Health Department Planning Actions for Climate Change
Public health departments are on the frontlines of protecting vulnerable groups and working to eliminate health disparities through prevention interventions, disease surveillance and community education. Exploration of the roles national, state and local health departments (LHDs) play in advancing climate change planning and actions to protect public health is a developing arena of research.
  • 319
  • 21 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Inflammatory Burden and Immunomodulative Therapeutics of Cardiovascular Diseases
Besides traditional risk factors, accumulated evidence suggested that a high inflammatory burden has emerged as a key characteristic modulating both the pathogenesis and progression of cardiovascular diseases, inclusive of atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction. To mechanistically elucidate the correlation, signalling pathways downstream to Toll-like receptors, nucleotide oligomerisation domain-like receptors, interleukins, tumour necrosis factor, and corresponding cytokines were raised as central mechanisms exerting the effect of inflammation. Other remarkable adjuvant factors include oxidative stress and secondary ferroptosis. These molecular discoveries have propelled pharmaceutical advancements. Statin was suggested to confer cardiovascular benefits not only by lowering cholesterol levels but also by attenuating inflammation. Colchicine was repurposed as an immunomodulator co-administered with coronary intervention. Novel interleukin-1β and −6 antagonists exhibited promising cardiac benefits in the recent trials as well. Moreover, manipulation of gut microbiota and associated metabolites was addressed to antagonise inflammation-related cardiovascular pathophysiology. The gut-cardio-renal axis was therein established to explain the mutual interrelationship.
  • 319
  • 29 Jan 2022
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