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Topic Review
Age-Associated Changes of Sirtuin 2 Expression
Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2), one of the seven members of the sirtuin family, has emerged as a potential regulator of aging and age-related pathologies since several studies have demonstrated that it shows age-related changes in humans and different animal models. A detailed analysis of the relevant works addressing this topic shows that the changes that occur in SIRT2 with aging seem to be opposite in the brain and in the periphery. 
  • 110
  • 15 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Aging of Human Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells
In human blood and immune system, aging is characterized by a decline of innate immunity and regenerative potential of hematopoietic stem cells. This decline is defined at a molecular level in the  hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) compartment. A series of studies have demonstrated that aging of HSPC is induced by an accumulation of senescent cells in the HSPC compartment of the aging human bone marrow. Multi-omics studies have provided evidence that senescent cells are characterized by elevated central carbon metabolism. This property has rendered an enrichment of senescent HSPC for in depth mechanistic studies possible, and in addition has provided novel targets for senolysis therapy strategies. 
  • 462
  • 02 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Antioxidants in Knee Osteoarthritis
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a chronic multifactorial pathology and a current and essential challenge for public health, with a negative impact on the geriatric patient’s quality of life.
  • 567
  • 14 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Biomarkers for Early Detection of Cognitive Impairment
Dementia is a major cause of poor quality of life, disability, and mortality in old age. According to the geroscience paradigm, the mechanisms that drive the aging process are also involved in the pathogenesis of chronic degenerative diseases, including dementia. The dissection of such mechanisms is therefore instrumental in providing biological targets for interventions and new sources for biomarkers. Within the geroscience paradigm, several biomarkers have been discovered that can be measured in blood and allow early identification of individuals at risk of cognitive impairment. Examples of such markers include inflammatory biomolecules, markers of neuroaxonal damage, extracellular vesicles, and DNA methylation. Furthermore, gait speed, measured at usual and fast pace and as dual task, has shown to detect individuals at risk of future dementia.
  • 64
  • 18 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Brain Natriuretic Peptide in Geriatric Heart Failure Evaluation
Heart failure is one of the main morbidity and mortality factors in the general population and especially in elderly patients. Natriuretic peptides, in particular B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and its fraction NTproBNP, have gained an increasingly important role in the screening, diagnosis and treatment of heart failure.
  • 218
  • 16 May 2023
Topic Review
Cannabinoid Systems and the Brain
The use of cannabinoids as therapeutic drugs has increased among aging populations. Age-related changes in the endogenous cannabinoid system could influence the effects of therapies that target the cannabinoid system. At the preclinical level, cannabidiol (CBD) induces anti-amyloidogenic, antioxidative, anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. These findings suggest a potential therapeutic role of cannabinoids to neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Alzheimer. 
  • 344
  • 16 Dec 2022
Topic Review
CDGSH Iron-Sulfur Domain 2 Mediates Lifespan and Healthspan
An age-dependent decrease in CDGSH (Cys-Asp-Gly-Ser-His) iron-sulfur domain 2 (CISD2) expression during the natural aging of mice has been reported in a range of tissues, including the brain, spinal cord, skeletal muscle, heart, and skin. However, the rate of CISD2 downregulation varies from tissue to tissue.
  • 284
  • 22 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Clinical Outcomes in Persons with Dementia
Dementia is an umbrella terms that encapsulated a number of neurodegenerative, irreversibly progressive disorders that are marked by cognitive decline and a steady reduction in everyday function, and it is typically accompanied by behavioral issues. 
  • 156
  • 13 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Cognitive Function with Nutritional Supplements in Aging
Cognitive impairment and dementia are burgeoning public health concerns, especially given the increasing longevity of the global population. These conditions not only affect the quality of life of individuals and their families, but also pose significant economic burdens on healthcare systems. 
  • 205
  • 02 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Complement System in Alzheimer’s Disease
Alzheimer’s disease is a type of dementia characterized by problems with short-term memory, cognition, and difficulties with activities of daily living. It is a progressive, neurodegenerative disorder. The complement system is an ancient part of the innate immune system and comprises of more than thirty serum and membrane-bound proteins. This system has three different activating pathways and culminates into the formation of a membrane attack complex that ultimately causes target cell lysis (usually pathogens) The complement system is involved in several important functions in the central nervous system (CNS) that include neurogenesis, synaptic pruning, apoptosis, and neuronal plasticity.
  • 621
  • 30 Dec 2021
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