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Topic Review
High-Precision Quantum Tests of the Weak Equivalence Principle
General relativity has been the best theory to describe gravity and space–time and has successfully explained many physical phenomena. At the same time, quantum mechanics provides the most accurate description of the microscopic world, and quantum science technology has evoked a wide range of developments today. Merging these two very successful theories to form a grand unified theory is one of the most elusive challenges in physics. All the candidate theories that wish to unify gravity and quantum mechanics predict the breaking of the weak equivalence principle, which lies at the heart of general relativity. It is therefore imperative to experimentally verify the equivalence principle in the presence of significant quantum effects of matter. Cold atoms provide well-defined properties and potentially nonlocal correlations as the test masses and will also improve the limits reached by classical tests with macroscopic bodies. The results of rigorous tests using cold atoms may tell us whether and how the equivalence principle can be reformulated into a quantum version. 
  • 34
  • 26 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Light Curve Classification
Light curves are plots of brightness measured over time. In the field of Space Situational Awareness (SSA), light curves of Resident Space Objects (RSOs) can be utilized to infer information about an RSO such as the type of object, its attitude, and its shape.
  • 30
  • 18 Sep 2023
Biography
Md. Anowar Hossain
Engr. Md. Anowar Hossain is a specialized textile engineer (textile coloration & technical textiles), consultant (textile engineering), Professor (textile engineering), color philosopher, scientist, motivational speaker and a writer.                                                                                          Figure 1. Sketch of academi
  • 100
  • 15 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Biomedical Applications of Random Lasing
A disordered photonic medium is one in which scatterers are distributed randomly. Light entering such media experiences multiple scattering events, resulting in a “random walk”-like propagation. Micro- and nano-scale structured disordered photonic media offer platforms for enhanced light–matter interaction, and in the presence of an appropriate gain medium, coherence-tunable, quasi-monochromatic lasing emission known as random lasing can be obtained.
  • 25
  • 11 Sep 2023
Biography
Albert Einstein
Albert Einstein, born on March 14, 1879, in Ulm, Germany, is widely regarded as one of the most brilliant scientists in human history. His groundbreaking contributions to physics revolutionized our understanding of the universe and earned him worldwide acclaim. Einstein's life and work remain a source of inspiration and fascination, making him an iconic figure in the realm of science and beyond
  • 33
  • 11 Sep 2023
Topic Review
AFM Investigation of Protein Crystals Morphology
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) enables the visualization of soft samples over a wide size range, from hundreds of micrometers up to the molecular level. The nonperturbative nature, the ability to scan in a liquid environment, and the lack of need for freezing, fixing, or staining make AFM a well-suited tool for studying fragile samples such as macromolecular crystals. The achievements of AFM underlined start from the study of crystal growth processes studying the surface morphology of protein crystals, passes through the in-depth analysis of the S-layer systems, and arrive at the introduction of the high-speed atomic force microscopy (HS-AFM) that allows the observation of molecular dynamics adsorption.
  • 25
  • 06 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Optical Fibre-Based Sensors
Optical fibre sensors are an essential subset of optical fibre technology, designed specifically for sensing and measuring several physical parameters. These sensors offer unique advantages over traditional sensors, making them gradually more valuable in a wide range of applications. They can detect extremely small variations in the physical parameters they are designed to measure, such as analytes in the case of biosensing.
  • 43
  • 06 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Tunneling and Blocking Oxides on Memory Cells
Flash memory is an electronic, non-volatile information storage device that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed. Ideally, the information stored in such a device should be preserved for long when the power is switched off. There are two flash memories designs at present: floating gate and charge trapping. Both of them work by  storage of electrical charges in the space above the channel of the MOSFET. The charge storage volume of the flash cell, either poly-Si floating gate or charge trapping dielectric/dielectric stack is confined between blocking and tunnel oxides for electrical insulation from the gate electrode and Si substrate. Blocking and tunnelling oxides are important parts of the flash memory cells, as they affect retention, endurance and program/erase speed performance.
  • 23
  • 05 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Exchange Bias in Nanostructures
Exchange bias (EB) is a unidirectional anisotropy occurring in exchange-coupled ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic systems, such as thin films, core–shell particles, or nanostructures. In addition to a horizontal shift of the hysteresis loop, defining the exchange bias, asymmetric loops and even vertical shifts can often be found. 
  • 104
  • 30 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Ergontropic Dynamics
Ergontropic dynamics is a concept that links dynamics and thermodynamics based on the concept of energy, work, and entropy. It differs from standard treatments, in particular, in that it does not derive irreversible thermodynamics from reversible microscopic dynamics and the force term, dp/dt, is derived from these principles and not assumed ab initio. The concept offers an intelligible explanation of a number of physical problems by embedding the universal tendency of energy to a minimum and entropy to a maximum in a new framework. The result is a modification of Newton’s dynamic equation of motion that bases the principles of mechanics on the concepts of energy and entropy, rather than the usual definition of force, and integrates the description of translation and vortex motion into a consistent framework. By reframing the fundamental concepts of classical mechanics and electrodynamics through the perspectives of energy and entropy, ergontropic dynamics stands as a novel framework that transcends both of these fields. 
  • 100
  • 30 Aug 2023
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