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Topic Review
Terahertz Technologies for Virus Sensing
The recent pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 virus has made evident critical issues relating to virus sensing and the need for deployable tools for adequate, rapid, effective viral recognition on a large-scale. Although many conventional molecular and immuno-based techniques are widely used for these purposes, they still have some drawbacks concerning sensitivity, safety, laboriousness, long-term collection and data analysis. Therefore, new rapidly emerging approaches have been introduced such as terahertz (THz)-based technologies. The emerging Terahertz (THz) technology is an ideal candidate for virus monitoring and detection purposes, offering various advantages which can be explored. 
  • 346
  • 20 Jan 2023
Topic Review
PENG-Based Non-Invasive Medical Sensors
Piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) not only are able to harvest mechanical energy from the ambient environment or body and convert mechanical signals into electricity but can also inform people about pathophysiological changes and communicate this information using electrical signals, thus acting as medical sensors to provide personalized medical solutions to patients.
  • 499
  • 19 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Inflammatory Biomarker Responses to Whole-Body Vibration
Inflammation is considered to be a vital defense mechanism for health, acting as a protective response of the immune system through a satisfactory inflammatory biomarker response (IBR). IBR, as well as being beneficial to the organism, can be also responsible for a variety of chronic inflammatory diseases. Whole-body vibration (WBV) exercise is a type of physical exercise that can act on inflammation responses due its capacity for stimulating the sensory components that promote systemic responses.
  • 402
  • 17 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Random Laser Properties
In a random laser (RL), optical feedback arises from multiple scattering instead of conventional mirrors. RLs generate a laser-like emission, and meanwhile take advantage of a simpler and more flexible laser configuration. The applicability of RLs as light sources and optical sensors has been proved. 
  • 422
  • 13 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Two-Dimensional Nanostructures as Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Substrates
Two-dimensional nanostructures (2DNS) attract tremendous interest and have emerged as potential materials for a variety of applications, including biomolecule sensing, due to their high surface-to-volume ratio, tuneable optical and electronic properties. Advancements in the engineering of 2DNS and associated technologies have opened up new opportunities. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a rapid, highly sensitive, non-destructive analytical technique with exceptional signal amplification potential. Several structurally and chemically engineered 2DNS with added advantages (e.g., π–π* interaction), over plasmonic SERS substrates, have been developed specifically towards biomolecule sensing in a complex matrix, such as biological fluids. 
  • 497
  • 11 Jan 2023
Topic Review
The Structural and Optical Properties of Carotenoid Compounds
Carotenoid compounds are ubiquitous in nature, providing the characteristic colouring of many algae, bacteria, fruits and vegetables. They are a critical component of the human diet and play a key role in human nutrition, health and disease. 
  • 996
  • 09 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Water-Based Liquid Scintillators
Monolithic optical detectors, either water–Cherenkov detectors or liquid scintillator detectors, are a well-established technique in neutrino physics. Using water-based liquid scintillators (WbLS) is an approach that exploits Cherenkov and scintillation signals simultaneously; i.e., water is loaded with 1% to 10% liquid scintillator. 
  • 551
  • 04 Jan 2023
Biography
Michael Green (Physicist)
Michael Boris Green FRS[1] (born 22 May 1946) is a British physicist and one of the pioneers of string theory. Currently a Professor of Theoretical Physics in the School of Physics and Astronomy at Queen Mary University of London, and emeritus professor in the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics and a Fellow in Clare Hall, Cambridge in England, he was Lucasian Professor of
  • 1.1K
  • 04 Jan 2023
Biography
Herman Postma
Herman Postma (March 29, 1933 – November 7, 2004) was an American scientist and educational leader. Born in Wilmington, North Carolina, he moved to Oak Ridge, Tennessee, in 1959 after attending Duke, Harvard and MIT. Much of Postma's career was at Oak Ridge National Laboratory where he served as Laboratory Director from 1974 to 1988. Postma was born in Wilmington, North Carolina, on March 2
  • 732
  • 30 Dec 2022
Biography
Eugen Goldstein
Eugen Goldstein (5 September 1850 – 25 December 1930) was a German physicist. He was an early investigator of discharge tubes, the discoverer of anode rays or canal rays, later identified as positive ions in the gas phase including the hydrogen ion or proton.[1] He was the great uncle of the violinists Mikhail Goldstein and Boris Goldstein. Goldstein was born in 1850 at Gleiwitz Upper Siles
  • 4.3K
  • 30 Dec 2022
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