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Topic Review
Vascular Inflammation and Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic metabolic disorder and the primary cause of cardiovascular diseases, resulting in substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. Initiated by endothelial cell stimulation, AS is characterized by arterial inflammation, lipid deposition, foam cell formation, and plaque development. Certain nutrients such as carotenoids, polyphenols, and vitamins can prevent the atherosclerotic process by modulating inflammation and metabolic disorders through the regulation of gene acetylation states, mediated with histone deacetylases (HDACs).
  • 515
  • 06 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Essential Oils in the Control of Listeria monocytogenes
Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen, the causative agent of listeriosis. Infections typically occur through consumption of foods, such as meats, fisheries, milk, vegetables, and fruits. Chemical preservatives are used in foods; however, due to their effects on human health, attention is increasingly turning to natural decontamination practices. One option is the application of essential oils (EOs) with antibacterial features, since EOs are considered by many authorities as being safe. 
  • 304
  • 06 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Bioaccessibility and Bioavailability of Carotenoids
The bioaccessibility of a carotenoid is defined as the maximum quantity of a carotenoid released from the food matrix that is available to be absorbed in the epithelial cells of the intestine. The fraction of an ingested compound that enters the bloodstream and performs its physiological functions is the definition of the bioavailability of a carotenoid.
  • 859
  • 06 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Fungal Aeroallergens
The incidence of allergic diseases worldwide is rapidly increasing, making allergies a modern pandemic. Human activity and climate change have an impact on the spread of fungi and their plant hosts. Particular attention should be paid to microfungi, i.e., plant parasites that may be an underestimated source of new allergens.
  • 363
  • 06 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Gastric Cancer in Asia
Gastric cancer (GC) is regarded as one of the most perilous malignancies globally, with over one billion new cases and seven hundred and eighty-three thousand deaths reported in 2020. The incidence of GC is particularly high in Asian countries. Moreover, multiple oncogenic signaling pathways are activated and implicated in gastric carcinogenesis, leading to malignant phenotype acquisition.
  • 384
  • 06 Jun 2023
Topic Review
How Climate Affects Wood Formation
Climate conditions are the first of many variables that influence how trees produce wood, resulting in the annual wood-forming rhythm [9]. Temperature and photoperiod influence cambium reactivation and secondary xylem production.
  • 379
  • 06 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Responses to Drought Stress in Poplar
Prompted by the publication of the complete genome sequence of Populus trichocarpa in 2006 and taking advantage from a set of modern genomic and phenotyping tools, research studies are shedding light on the molecular mechanisms underlying poplar responses to drought stress. Exciting information is accumulating on tree-specific processes including embolism formation and repair, the impact of drought stress on woody biomass yield and quality, and the long-term effects of drought events. This mounting knowledge can be exploited to select more tolerant genotypes and can be translated to other tree species, improving our understanding of forest dynamics under rapidly changing environmental conditions.
  • 264
  • 06 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Alternative Splicing Mechanisms in Tumors
Alternative pre-mRNA splicing is a process that allows for the generation of an extremely diverse proteome from a much smaller number of genes. In this process, non-coding introns are excised from primary mRNA and coding exons are joined together. Different combinations of exons give rise to alternative versions of a protein.
  • 340
  • 06 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Regulation of Cellulase and Xylanase Production by Basidiomycetes
The potential of wood-rotting and litter-deconstructing basidiomycetes to convert lignocellulose into a wide variety of products has been extensively studied. In particular, wood-rotting basidiomycete secretomes are attracting much attention from researchers and biotechnology companies due to their ability to produce extracellular hydrolytic and oxidative enzymes that effectively degrade cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin of plant biomass.
  • 317
  • 06 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Application of Nanocellulose-Based Aerogels in BTE
Based on the principles of biology and engineering, bone tissue engineering (BTE) has been widely used to construct substitutes for repairing and improving bone function. The skeletal system is a highly mineralized, vascularized, and connective tissue, which provides significant mechanical strength, fracture toughness, and weight-bearing capacity to protect internal organs. An ideal bone substitute should mimic the microstructure of natural bone tissue and provide a biological environment for bone regeneration and tissue repair. Furthermore, the design and preparation of hybrid nanocellulose hydrogels should fully understand the structure and composition of natural bone tissue.
  • 342
  • 05 Jun 2023
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