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Topic Review
Swine Coronaviruses and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress
The swine coronaviruses replicate in the cellular cytoplasm exerting a wide variety of effects on cells. Some of these effects are particularly pertinent to cell pathology, including endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, unfolded protein response (UPR), autophagy, and apoptosis.
  • 416
  • 15 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Swimbladder Function in Yellow Eels
Eels use the swimbladder for buoyancy control. The ductus pneumaticus connecting the esophagus with the swimbladder is closed soon after initial opening of the swimbladder in the glass eel stage, so that eels are functionally physoclist. Subsequent filling of the swimbladder is achieved by activity of gas gland cells in the swimbladder epithelium and countercurrent concentration in the rete mirabile.
  • 352
  • 27 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Swift Fox
The Swift Fox (Vulpes velox) is a small, elusive canid species native to the grasslands and prairies of North America. Known for its remarkable agility and swift movements, the Swift Fox is aptly named and is one of the fastest running mammals in its habitat. Despite facing historical declines due to habitat loss and persecution, conservation efforts have led to the recovery of Swift Fox populations, highlighting their resilience and importance in North American grassland ecosystems.
  • 281
  • 08 Mar 2024
Topic Review
SWI/SNF Complex in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells
Mature vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) exhibit a remarkable degree of plasticity, a characteristic that has intrigued cardiovascular researchers for decades. It has become increasingly evident that the chromatin remodeler SWItch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable (SWI/SNF) complex plays a pivotal role in orchestrating chromatin conformation, which is critical for gene regulation.
  • 228
  • 30 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Sweetpotato, Functional Food in Africa
Sweetpotato is regarded as a functional food because it contains bioactive compounds. Recently, sweetpotato has gained attention in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), but research has focused on its use in alleviating micronutrient deficiencies such as vitamin A deficiency, particularly the orange-fleshed variety of sweetpotato. However, with the increased risks of non-communicable diseases plaguing developing countries, sweetpotato can be viewed in the light of a functional food. Sweetpotato has a potential of mitigating oxidative damage that leads to metabolic and other lifestyle-related diseases. Therefore, more research should focus on this aspect.
  • 845
  • 07 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Sweetness Perception of Food/Beverages
When it comes to eating and drinking, multiple factors from diverse sensory modalities have been shown to influence multisensory flavour perception and liking. These factors have heretofore been strictly divided into either those that are intrinsic to the food itself (e.g., food colour, aroma, texture), or those that are extrinsic to it (e.g., related to the packaging, receptacle or external environment).
  • 849
  • 30 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Sweet Taste Signaling
Sweet taste, a proxy for sugar-derived calories, is an important driver of food intake, and animals have evolved robust molecular and cellular machinery for sweet taste signaling. The below is a description of the mechanisms underlying sweet taste signaling in the periphery, and the factors regulating them.
  • 746
  • 09 Aug 2022
Topic Review
SWEET Sugar Transporters
Sugars are the major source of energy in living organisms and play important roles in osmotic regulation, cell signaling and energy storage. SWEETs (Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporters) are the most recent family of sugar transporters that function as uniporters, facilitating the diffusion of sugar molecules across cell membranes. In plants, SWEETs play roles in multiple physiological processes including phloem loading, senescence, pollen nutrition, grain filling, nectar secretion, abiotic (drought, heat, cold, and salinity) and biotic stress regulation. 
  • 673
  • 20 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Sweet Rowanberry (Sorbus aucuparia L.)
Rowan is a fairly common fruit crop in different countries of the world. The orange or reddish fruits of Sorbus aucuparia L. are small (diameter 6–9 mm) and they have been traditionally used as diuretic, laxative, anti-inflammatory, and vasoprotective agents, against rheumatism and kidney diseases as well as for the treatment of various gastrointestinal and respiratory tract-related disorders.
  • 887
  • 23 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Sweet Potatoes
Sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas L.) are part of the largest food crops in many countries. It has good nutritional value because, in addition to containing vitamins, minerals, carotenoids, and anthocyanins in varied contents, due to the existence of various colors of their pulps, they have starch as their major constituent. 
  • 1.6K
  • 20 May 2021
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