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Topic Review
The Fibrinolytic System in Alzheimer’s Disease
The fibrinolytic system plays a crucial role in maintaining vascular integrity and regulating blood clot formation by lysing fibrin clots in both healthy and disease conditions. In addition to hemostasis, the fibrinolytic system also plays crucial roles in wound healing, tissue remodeling, and inflammation. This system is composed of various proteins, including plasminogen, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), and urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA).
  • 304
  • 27 Apr 2023
Topic Review
The Ferroptosis
Ferroptosis, which has been widely associated with many diseases, is an iron-dependent regulated cell death characterized by intracellular lipid peroxide accumulation. The term ‘ferroptosis’, first proposed in 2012, refers to a programmed cell death resulting from iron-dependent lipid peroxidation accumulation. Ferroptosis is distinct from other previously established regulated cell deaths and has specific morphological, biochemical, and genetic characteristics. It exhibits morphological, biochemical, and genetic characteristics that are unique in comparison to other types of cell death. The course of ferroptosis can be accurately regulated by the metabolism of iron, lipids, amino acids, and various signal pathways.
  • 573
  • 12 Jul 2022
Topic Review
The Female Reproductive Tract Microbiota
Many intrinsic and extrinsic factors influences the female reproductive tract microbiota (FRTM) that directly affects the reproductive health. It is believed that FRTM dominated by Lactobacilli may play an essential role in obstetric health beyond the woman’s intimate comfort and well-being. Women with altered microbiota may face numerous health-related issues. Altered microbiota can be manipulated and restored to their original shape to re-establish normal reproductive health. 
  • 522
  • 08 Jun 2023
Topic Review
The Feeding Behaviour Habits of Growing-Finishing Pigs
Feed cost represents approximately 65% of the cost production of a pig kg deadweight. Therefore, the search for strategies to improve the utilisation rate of nutrients during the growing-finishing period is of permanent interest. One of the important factors influencing the performance and carcass quality of growing-finishing pigs is feeding behaviour habits (FBHs), which can be described not only by average daily feed intake (ADFI), but also by other criteria such as the daily number of feeder visits, the daily time spent eating, the feed consumed per feeder visit or the rhythm of ingesta, among others. These can be registered and calculated thanks to the availability in the market of automatic feeding systems.
  • 444
  • 19 May 2022
Topic Review
The Features of Magnaporthe oryzae Genome
Magnaporthe oryzae (synonym of Pyricularia oryzae), which causes rice blast disease, is a plant pathogenic fungus belonging to the Ascomycota phylum. 
  • 363
  • 18 Apr 2023
Topic Review
The Feasibility of Bacteriophages in Substituting Antibiotics in Livestock
Bacteriophages, a class of viruses that exclusively infect bacteria, share a prolonged evolutionary history with their hosts. There are three life cycle modes including lytic, lysogenic, and chronic infection for bacteriophages. Bacteriophages possess a plethora of applications and potential in human bacterial diseases and enteropathogenic diseases of livestock and poultry, specifically in the direction of antibiotic substitution, which exhibits tremendous potential for practical applications.
  • 275
  • 15 Jan 2024
Topic Review
The Extracellular Matrix Macromolecules
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a ubiquitous member of the body and is key to the maintenance of tissue and organ integrity. Initially thought to be a bystander in many cellular processes, the extracellular matrix has been shown to have diverse components that regulate and activate many cellular processes and ultimately influence cell phenotype.
  • 276
  • 21 Jun 2023
Topic Review
The Extracellular Matrix in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is rich in dense fibrotic stroma that are composed of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. A disruption of the balance between ECM synthesis and secretion and the altered expression of matrix remodeling enzymes lead to abnormal ECM dynamics in PDAC. This pathological ECM promotes cancer growth, survival, invasion, and alters the behavior of fibroblasts and immune cells leading to metastasis formation and chemotherapy resistance, which contribute to the high lethality of PDAC. Additionally, recent evidence highlights that ECM, as a major structural component of the tumor microenvironment, is a highly dynamic structure in which ECM proteins establish a physical and biochemical niche for cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs are characterized by self-renewal, tumor initiation, and resistance to chemotherapeutics. 
  • 375
  • 02 Sep 2022
Topic Review
The Extracellular Matrix in Cancer
As the core component of all organs, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is an interlocking macromolecular meshwork of proteins, glycoproteins, and proteoglycans that provides mechanical support to cells and tissues. In cancer, the ECM can be remodelled in response to environmental cues, and it controls a plethora of cellular functions, including metabolism, cell polarity, migration, and proliferation, to sustain and support oncogenesis. The biophysical and biochemical properties of the ECM, such as its structural arrangement and being a reservoir for bioactive molecules, control several intra- and intercellular signalling pathways and induce cytoskeletal changes that alter cell shapes, behaviour, and viability.
  • 699
  • 18 Apr 2023
Topic Review
The Expanding Riboverse
Mammalian ribosomes are 80S particles consisting of 80 ribosomal proteins (RPs) and 4 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecules in an approximately 1:1 mass ratio. 
  • 381
  • 22 Feb 2022
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