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Topic Review
Molecular Iodine Has Extrathyroidal Effects
Most investigations of iodine metabolism in humans and animals have focused on its role in thy-roid function. However, considerable evidence indicates that iodine could also be implicated in the physiopathology of other organs.
  • 1.6K
  • 23 Feb 2021
Topic Review
PCR and NGS in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a clonal disorder that affects myeloid progenitor cells residing in the bone marrow (BM). This implies altered differentiation with subsequent abnormal proliferation and accumulation of inadequately matured myeloid cells. The detection of leukemic cells moved in the last two decades from immune-phenotyping to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). This technique was shown to be reproducible, accurate and highly sensitive for MRD monitoring, with a significant capacity in predicting prognosis, treatment effectiveness and relapse risk. NGS or massively parallel sequencing is a revolutionary method of DNA and RNA sequencing. It is called parallel because it sequences millions of DNA fragments simultaneously. In the early years of its appearance, Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) platforms were used primarily for cancer research purposes. Recently, they are increasingly emerging as irreplaceable diagnostic tools in clinical settings.
  • 1.6K
  • 10 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Engineered Extracellular Vesicles
Engineered Extracellular Vesicles are devices obtained through the surface modification of natural extracellular vesicles, both using direct and indirect methods, i.e. engineering of the parental cells. The aim of their production is to obtain extracellular vesicles that are more reliable in terms of reproducibility and that present some desired features, that can change depending on the application.
  • 1.6K
  • 02 Sep 2020
Topic Review
Homo-Oligomeric Proteins
Protein homo-oligomerization is a very common phenomenon, and approximately half of proteins form homo-oligomeric assemblies composed of identical subunits. Many proteins have a natural tendency to self-associate into homo-oligomeric protein complexes, also termed homomers, which are composed of two or more identical subunits. According to the estimation, 30–50% of all proteins oligomerize. In addition, analysis of protein crystal structures demonstrated that roughly 45% of eukaryotic proteins and 60% of prokaryotic proteins that are deposited as single polypeptide chains also exist in a form of homo-oligomeric complex. 
  • 1.6K
  • 23 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Composting Technology of Brewer's Grains
The brewing industry is characterized by the large production of by-products. Following the fundamentals of a circular economy, several attempts to recycle brewers’ spent grain (BSG) have been investigated. However, little information is available on its use for composting.
  • 1.6K
  • 13 Jan 2021
Topic Review
Ocotillol-Type Triterpenoids
Ginseng is one of the most widely consumed herbs in the world and plays an important role in counteracting fatigue and alleviating stress. The main active substances of ginseng are its ginsenosides. Ocotillol-type triterpenoid is a remarkably effective ginsenoside from Vietnamese ginseng that has received attention because of its potential antibacterial, anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties, among others. The semisynthesis, modification and biological activities of ocotillol-type compounds have been extensively studied in recent years.
  • 1.6K
  • 09 Dec 2020
Topic Review
ROS Scavenging in Plants
Salinity is an issue impairing crop production across the globe. Under salinity stress, besides the osmotic stress and Na+ toxicity, ROS (reactive oxygen species) overaccumulation is a secondary stress which further impairs plant performance. Chloroplasts, mitochondria, the apoplast, and peroxisomes are the main ROS generation sites in salt-stressed plants. 
  • 1.6K
  • 28 May 2021
Topic Review
Biogenic amines in Fish
The occurrence of biogenic amines in fish is directly associated with microorganisms with decarboxylase activity. These compounds are generally detoxified by oxidases in the intestinal tract of humans, but some conditions, such as alcohol consumption, enzyme deficiency, or monoamino-oxidase antidepressant use, can make their intake by food dangerous. Due to its toxicity, histamine is a unique biogenic amine with regulatory limits for fishery products. This review focuses on biogenic amines in fish, with a detailed picture of the number of alert notifications or intoxication events reported in the last years. The favoring conditions for their formation, as well as the main preventive and control measures to ensure public health, are also reviewed.
  • 1.6K
  • 18 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Methanogens in industrial wastewater treatment
Anaerobic biotechnology is commonly used for treating high-strength wastewaters from different industries. Properties of wastewater vary across industries and significantly affect microbiome composition in the anaerobic reactor. Methanogenic archaea play a crucial role during anaerobic wastewater treatment.
  • 1.6K
  • 22 Jan 2021
Topic Review
Sperm in Honey Bee Drones
The quality of honey bee drone semen is relevant in different contexts, ranging from colony productivity to pathology, toxicology and biodiversity preservation. Despite its importance, considerably less knowledge is available on this subject for the honey bee when compared to other domestic animal species. A proper assessment of sperm quality requires a multiple testing approach which discriminates between the different aspects of sperm integrity and functionality. Most studies on drone semen quality have only assessed a few parameters, such as sperm volume, sperm concentration and/or sperm plasma membrane integrity.
  • 1.6K
  • 13 Jul 2021
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