Subject:
All Disciplines Arts & Humanities Biology & Life Sciences Business & Economics Chemistry & Materials Science Computer Science & Mathematics Engineering Environmental & Earth Sciences Medicine & Pharmacology Physical Sciences Public Health & Healthcare Social Sciences
Sort:
Hottest Latest Alphabetical (A-Z) Alphabetical (Z-A)
Type:
All Topic Review Biography
Topic Review
The Roles of Periodontal Bacteria in Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis (AS) is an inflammatory vascular disease that constitutes a major underlying cause of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and stroke. Infection is a contributing risk factor for AS. Epidemiological evidence has implicated individuals afflicted by periodontitis displaying an increased susceptibility to AS and CVD. 
  • 242
  • 06 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Impact of Communication on Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders
There are no communication protocols for patients who are diagnosed with Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders (OPMDs). Healthcare professionals must develop and practice communication skills throughout their training and practice, starting by incorporating specific training in the dental school curriculum. Due to the limitation in the time available in clinical settings, developing and making available an easily accessible and accurate web-based patient information sheet that could be recommended to an OPMD patient should be considered by professional bodies.
  • 242
  • 20 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Nerve Injury and Photobiomodulation
The available therapeutic options for restoring function and sensitivity in long-term nervous injuries pose challenges. Microsurgery interventions for direct nerve repair often lead to serious complications and limited success. Non-surgical methods, although somewhat effective, have limited benefits. These methods involve drug administration, such as with analgesics or corticosteroids. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) has emerged as a promising approach based on clinical and laboratory studies. PBMT stimulates the migration and proliferation of neuronal fiber cellular aggregates. Experimental studies on animal models with peripheral nerve compression injuries have shown that PBMT can enhance the functionality of damaged nerves, preserving their activity and preventing scar tissue formation. The mechanism of action depends on the wavelength, which can positively or negatively affect photo acceptor resonances, influencing their conformation and activities. These findings suggest that photobiomodulation may accelerate and improve nerve regeneration.
  • 241
  • 01 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Salivary myeloperoxidase in Patients with Systemic Diseases
Salivary myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a key mediator of the oral immune system, acting as an enzyme that utilises H2O2 to generate molecules with high bactericidal activity. While MPO determination in plasma is quite common, the use of saliva is still rare.
  • 240
  • 01 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Preprosthetic Surgery
The atrophic edentulous jaw can cause severe functional impairment for patients, leading to inadequate denture retention, reduced quality of life, and significant health problems. The aim of preprosthetic surgery is to restore function and form due to tooth loss arising from congenital deformity, trauma, or ablative surgery. Alveolar bone loss is due to disuse atrophy following tooth loss. The advent of dental implants and their ability to preserve bone heralded the modern version of preprosthetic surgery. Their ability to mimic natural teeth has overcome the age-old problem of edentulism and consequent jaw atrophy.
  • 237
  • 19 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Oncolytic Virotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a significant global health issue, and traditional treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy often have limited success, especially in advanced cases. Oncolytic virotherapy (OVT) offers a new approach.
  • 230
  • 06 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Optimal Insertion Torque for Orthodontic Anchoring Screw Placement
Eleven original articles with orthodontic anchoring screws (OASs) placement in humans including insertion torque (IT) and success rate were selected and were used to evaluate the relationships among IT, success rates, screw design, and placement methods at different sites. The ITs and success rates ranged from 6.0 ± 3.2 to 15.7 ± 2.3 Ncm and from 62.5 to 100.0% in the upper and lower buccal alveolar areas, respectively. For the mid-palatal area, the range was 14.5 ± 1.6 to 25.6 ± 5.5 Ncm and 83.0 to 100.0%, respectively. ITs of 5–12 and 6–14 Ncm were found to be optimal for the commonly used φ1.5–1.7 mm OASs in the upper and lower interproximal areas, respectively. In the mid-palatal suture area, ITs of 11–16 and 20–25 Ncm were considered suitable for tapered φ1.5 mm and φ2.0 mm OASs, respectively. Although identified optimal IT ranges deserve the recommendations, care must be taken to monitor the IT during placement constantly.
  • 228
  • 13 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Children with Rare Nager Syndrome
Nager syndrome is a rare human developmental disorder characterized by craniofacial defects including the downward slanting of the palpebral fissures, cleft palate, limb deformities, mandibular hypoplasia, hypoplasia or absence of thumbs, microretrognathia, and ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint. The prevalence is very rare and the literature describes only about a hundred cases of Nager syndrome. 
  • 225
  • 27 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Potential Mechanisms for Localization of Osteonecrosis
Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) has emerged as a complication of anti-resorptive medications. Many factors have been explored as possible localizing factors, including dental trauma, especially surgical extraction, periodontitis, impaired gingival healing, changes in oral bacteria biofilm profile, and impaired innate immune response specific to the oral cavity.
  • 224
  • 24 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Oral Diseases
The human oral microbiome has emerged as a focal point of research due to its profound implications for human health. The involvement of short-chain fatty acids in oral microbiome composition, oral health, and chronic inflammation is gaining increasing attention.  Locally, SCFAs are a part of normal oral microbiota metabolism, but the increased formation of SCFAs usually attribute to dysbiosis; excess SCFAs participate in the development of local oral diseases and in oral biota gut colonization and dysbiosis. On the other hand, a number of studies have established the positive impact of SCFAs on human health as a whole, including the reduction of chronic systemic inflammation, improvement of metabolic processes, and decrease of some types of cancer incidence. Thus, a complex and sophisticated approach with consideration of origin and localization for SCFA function assessment is demanded.
  • 218
  • 19 Oct 2023
  • Page
  • of
  • 34
Featured Entry Collections
>>

Featured Books

>>
Encyclopedia of Social Sciences
Encyclopedia of COVID-19
Encyclopedia of Fungi
Encyclopedia of Digital Society, Industry 5.0 and Smart City
ScholarVision Creations
Feedback