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Biography
Robin Bell (Scientist)
Robin Elizabeth Bell is a professor at Columbia University's Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory[1] and the current President of the American Geophysical Union (AGU). She was influential in co-ordinating the 2007 International Polar Year and was the first woman to chair the National Academy of Sciences Polar Research Board.[1][2] She has made numerous important discoveries with regard to subglacial
  • 858
  • 15 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Roadkills for Monitor Raccoon Dog Populations
The raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides) is a highly invasive species, therefore knowledge regarding the population size, trends and spatial distribution is important for species assessment and for the planning of control measures. And the raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides) is one of the most frequently killed species on Lithuanian roads.
  • 442
  • 12 Nov 2021
Topic Review
RNA-Mediated Control in Polyhydroxyalkanoates Synthesis
The large production of non-degradable petrol-based plastics has become a major global issue due to its environmental pollution. Biopolymers produced by microorganisms such as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are gaining potential as a sustainable alternative, but the high cost associated to their industrial production has been a limiting factor. Post-transcriptional regulation is a key step to control gene expression in changing environments and has been reported to play a major role in numerous cellular processes. However, limited reports are available concerning the regulation of PHA accumulation in bacteria, and many essential regulatory factors still need to be identified. Here, we review studies where the synthesis of PHA has been reported to be regulated at the post-transcriptional level, and we analyze the RNA-mediated networks involved. Finally, we discuss the forthcoming research on riboregulation, synthetic and metabolic engineering which could lead to improved strategies for PHAs synthesis in industrial production, thereby reducing the costs currently associated with this procedure.
  • 725
  • 10 Sep 2021
Topic Review
River Chief Information-Sharing System Practice in China
Controling river water pollution is one of the complex ecoenvironmental challenges facing China’s development today. The river chief information-sharing system (RCISS) in China is an institutional innovation carried out by the government to promote collaborative water governance in the era of big data. In China, the RCISS is primarily practiced at the provincial level. A three-dimensional and intelligent information-management system would be established according to the work plan of the RCS.
  • 185
  • 27 Oct 2023
Topic Review
River Anticlines
A river anticline is a geologic structure that is formed by the focused uplift of rock caused by high erosion rates from large rivers relative to the surrounding areas. An anticline is a fold that is concave down, whose limbs are dipping away from its axis, and whose oldest units are in the middle of the fold. These features form in a number of structural settings. In the case of river anticlines, they form due to high erosion rates, usually in orogenic settings. In a mountain building setting, like that of the Himalaya or the Andes, erosion rates are high and the river anticline's fold axis will trend parallel to a major river. When river anticlines form, they have a zone of uplift between 50-80 kilometers wide along the rivers that form them.
  • 454
  • 01 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Risks of Microplastics and Nanoplastics in Agricultural Ecosystems
In all the agroecosystems, the transformation, migration, and transferring of MNPs, along with other contaminants, and the trophic transfer of MNPs can threaten the food web. MPs can exhibit negative and positive effects, or none, on the physical/chemical properties of soil, soil microbiota, invertebrates, and plant systems, depending on the polymer compositions, additives, and exposure time. Difficulties in comparing the studies on the effects of MNPs, as well as the discrepancies among them, are mostly due to variations in the methods followed for sampling, detection, quantification, and the categorization of particles, abundance, and exposure time. Since agricultural soils are important environmental reservoirs for diverse chemicals and contaminants, they provide milieus for several types of interactions of MNPs with soil biota. 
  • 375
  • 27 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Risk-Based Flood Management
“Flood management” refers to the general method involved in flood prevention and subsequent flood loss, whereas “risk-based flood management” is the combination of all of the actions that aim at the amelioration of the overall activities in a floodplain.
  • 1.6K
  • 21 Jan 2021
Topic Review
Rise in Mid-Tropospheric Temperature Trend over the Tibet
The Hindu Kush-Himalayan region (HKH), situated at high altitudes (~5 km above sea level), and the adjoining Indo-Gangetic plains (IG plains, ~0–250 m above sea level) are notably responsive to climatic shifts due to their geographic location and intricate topography. Ongoing research reveals that climate change's consequences and linked alterations in water resources—comprising glacial/snow meltwater and rainfall—hold diverse impacts on ecosystems, agriculture, industries, and inhabitants within this area. This investigation delved into a 45-year span of data (1978–2022) derived from Microwave Sounding Unit/Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (MSU/AMSU) instruments provided by Remote Sensing Systems (RSS Version 4.0). The goal was to scrutinize changes in mid-tropospheric temperature (TMT, 3–7 km altitude) and lower tropospheric temperature (TLT, 0–3 km altitude) concerning annual/monthly trends and anomalies. A noteworthy rise in mid-tropospheric temperatures (0–3 km altitude) across the HKH region, with increases of 1.49 °K in Tibet, 1.30 °K in the western Himalayas, and 1.35 °K in the eastern Himalayas over the 45-year timeframe. By contrast with an earlier 30-year period study (1979–2008), the present study observed a substantial percentage change of TMT trends for the high-altitude areas, including Tibet, the western Himalayas, and the eastern Himalayas—approximately 310%, 80%, and 170%, respectively. Conversely, the neighboring plains (western and eastern IG plains) exhibited negligible or considerably lower percent alterations (0% and 40%, respectively) over the past 14 years.
  • 211
  • 21 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Río Negro Province
Río Negro (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈri.o ˈneɣɾo], Black River) is a province of Argentina , located at the northern edge of Patagonia. Neighboring provinces are from the south clockwise Chubut, Neuquén, Mendoza, La Pampa and Buenos Aires. To the east lies the Atlantic Ocean. Its capital is Viedma, and its largest city is Bariloche. Other important cities include General Roca and Cipolletti.
  • 1.1K
  • 14 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Ringed Seals and Climate Change
Ringed seals are the smallest and most abundant member of the seal family that live in the Arctic and Sub-Arctic regions. The average life span of a ringed seal is 40 years, with a diet based mainly on Arctic cod and planktonic crustaceans. Typically about 5 feet (1.5 m) long, the ringed seal is known to be solitary with their main predator being polar bears. Recently, however, the biggest predator to ringed seals has been the changing temperature in the Arctic and the detrimental changes to sea ice that follow. With declines in snowpack and sea ice due to warming ocean and atmospheric temperatures, survival has become tougher for ringed seals in the Arctic and Sub-Arctic regions. Yet ringed seals are also potentially projected to thrive due to warming, considering the early extinction of their predators. Climate change is sure to change the fate of all ringed seals in the coming years for better or worse.
  • 786
  • 20 Oct 2022
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