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Topic Review
Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron
Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) as a kind of emerging remedial material is used for contaminated soil, which can quickly and effectively degrade and remove pollutants such as organic halides, nitrates and heavy metals in soil, respectively.
  • 444
  • 30 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Sustainable Coastal Design
Mediterranean coastal cities are mostly urban environments with a long history, hence the idea that the different aspects that form the identity and perception of the cities can be interconnected in a framework that can be useful for further understanding and improvement. There is a need to consider multiple scales, national boundaries, the intersection of land and water and different stakeholders, policies and sectors. The coastal zone is an interface between land and sea, composed of a continuum of coastal land, intertidal areas, aquatic systems including the network of rivers and estuaries, islands, transitional and intertidal areas, salt marshes, wetlands and beaches. Natural coastal systems and areas where human activities involve the use of coastal resources may, therefore, extend well beyond the limit of territorial waters, and several kilometers inland.
  • 381
  • 29 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Gas Plume Target Detection in Multibeam WCI
A multibeam water column image (WCI) can provide detailed seabed information and is an important means of underwater target detection. However, gas plume targets in an image have no obvious contour information and are susceptible to the influence of underwater environments, equipment noises, and other factors, resulting in varied shapes and sizes. 
  • 238
  • 29 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Nanofarming
The agricultural sector is a vital source of human well-being that provides the necessities of daily life. A variety of farming systems are utilized in agriculture, such as a wide range of tillage options, no-till, agroforestry, precision farming, organic farming, cover cropping, crop rotations, etc. Each of these farming systems has unique challenges, and nanotechnology has successfully improved on many of them. Agricultural applications of nanotechnology include nanofertilizers, nanopesticides, nanosensors, nanobiotechnology, and nanoremediation. 
  • 253
  • 28 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Textile Industry
The textile industry is one of the world’s most influential and rapidly developing sectors. These textile industries have a global market share of around $2000 and offer employment to ~120 million people across the globe. 
  • 291
  • 28 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Air Quality in Mainland Southeast Asia
Air pollution, notably particulate matter pollution, has become a serious concern in Southeast Asia. The combustion of biomass has been recognized to considerably increase air pollution problems from particulate matter in this region. Consequently, its effect on people in this area is significant. 
  • 548
  • 28 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Building the Profile of Soils' Water Storage Capacity
By taking the soil moisture as a proxy in the modelling, a neural network is designed to capture those impact factors of soil water storage capacity and their nonlinear interaction implicitly without knowing the underlying soil hydrologic processes. An internal vector of the proposed neural network assimilates the soil moisture response to meteorological conditions and is regulated as the profile of the soil water storage capacity. Different from static single value indicators, the profile vector can describe the amount of water that a soil can hold under various moisture levels over a range of time periods. Moreover, the trained model can be deployed as an alternative to the expensive sensor networks for continuous soil moisture monitoring.
  • 237
  • 27 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Photocatalytic Transformation of Biomass and Biomass Derived Compounds
Biomass and biomass-derived compounds have become an important alternative feedstock for chemical industry. They may replace fossil feedstocks such as mineral oil and related platform chemicals. These compounds may also be transformed conveniently into new innovative bioactive products, for example, for the medicinal or the agrochemical domain.
  • 301
  • 27 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Sustainable Transportation to Mitigate Climate Change
The build-up of greenhouse gases (GHGs) is causing warmness in the Earth’s atmosphere, resulting in climate change. The transport sector is one of the active causes of GHG emissions and it is imperative to use sustainable transport sources to control climate change. There is a measure that aims to encourage citizens to stop using their own vehicles as their choice of transport and instead opt for joint sustainable mobility during traveling.
  • 345
  • 26 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Biodiversity during Pre and Post Hula Valley Drainage
Ecosystem fertility is dependent on nutrient and water availability which are the drivers of the system of production. The anthropogenic and natural maintenance of ecosystem products such as biodiversity, species richness, agriculture, recreation or eco-tourism is significantly affected by management. The appropriate management might be natural, without human intervention, or anthropogenic, or a combination of both. The management of the Hula Valley, a part of the Lake Kinneret drainage basin, represents an integration of human and natural dependence.
  • 264
  • 25 Jun 2023
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