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Topic Review
Precipitation Monitoring Using Commercial Microwave Links
As rainfall exhibits high spatiotemporal variability, accurate and real-time rainfall monitoring is vitally important in fields such as hydrometeorological research, agriculture and disaster prevention and control. The utilization of commercial microwave links (CMLs) for rainfall estimation, as an opportunistic sensing method, has generated considerable attention. Relying on CML networks deployed and maintained by mobile network operators can provide near-surface precipitation information over large areas at a low cost. 
  • 252
  • 20 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Agronomic Protocols of Organic and Conventional Wheat Production
Agronomic protocols (rotation, tillage, fertilization and crop protection) commonly used in organic and conventional crop production differ significantly and there is evidence that modern varieties developed for conventional high-input farming systems do not have the combination of traits required for optimum performance in organic farming systems.
  • 219
  • 20 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Barriers to Port Decarbonisation
Industries worldwide are facing the urgent need to decarbonise in alignment with the goal of the Paris Agreement (PA), which aims to limit global warming. However, progress towards achieving this extremely important goal has been sluggish, and the wider maritime transport sector (ports included) is no exception. 
  • 306
  • 19 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Modeling the Visual Landscape
Modeling the perception and evaluation of landscapes from the human perspective is a desirable goal for several scientific domains and applications. Human vision is the dominant sense, and human eyes are the sensors for apperceiving the environmental stimuli of our surroundings. Therefore, exploring the experimental recording and measurement of the visual landscape can reveal crucial aspects about human visual perception responses while viewing the natural or man-made landscapes. Landscape evaluation (or assessment) is another dimension that refers mainly to preferences of the visual landscape, involving human cognition as well, in ways that are often unpredictable.
  • 276
  • 19 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Plastics in Agricultural Soils
Plastics, especially microplastics, are a diverse group of polymer-based particles, currently emerging as a global environmental threat—plastic pollution. 
  • 249
  • 18 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Towards Sustainable Pasture Agrolandscapes
Reliable environmental audits and impact assessments are essential to achieve effective pasture utilization and ensure the production of high-quality livestock products. Pasture agrolandscapes are complex and dynamic systems that involve the interaction of various components, such as soil, vegetation, climate, and land use. These landscapes are crucial not only for the production of high-quality livestock products but also for maintaining environmental health and providing ecosystem services
  • 250
  • 18 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Sustainable Construction in Kenya
The practice of landscape architecture in Kenya is growing alongside the country’s construction industry, which is experiencing exponential growth in tandem with construction trends globally. With the growth in the industry, there has been significant growth in the economy, high consumption of natural resources, a 50% increased contribution to the world’s landfill waste, and pollution of the adjacent environment.
  • 310
  • 17 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Challenges in Recycling of Multi-Material Composites
Transformation of waste into resources is an important part of the circular economy. The recovery of materials in the most effective way is crucial for sustainable development. Composite materials offer great opportunities for product development and high performance in use, but their position in a circular economy system remains challenging, especially in terms of material recovery.
  • 398
  • 17 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Methods Suitable for Wide-Area Rainfall Rate Measurement
Many design principles for rain gauges that have the capacity to record rainfall intensity have been proposed or developed. For catchment-based studies, data distributed spatially is needed, particularly for localised convective storms. One approach to gathering such data are to install multiple gauges; however, it is also possible to adopt measurement methods that have the capability of recording area-wide intensity data.
  • 282
  • 17 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Aircraft Based on Regional Scene Perception
Scene matching plays a vital role in the visual positioning of aircraft. The position and orientation of aircraft can be determined by comparing acquired real-time imagery with reference imagery. To enhance precise scene matching during flight, it is imperative to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the reference imagery’s matchability beforehand. Conventional approaches to image matchability analysis rely heavily on features that are manually designed.
  • 229
  • 17 Oct 2023
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