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Topic Review
Farmers in Adopting Climate Adaptation Measures in Itay
Concerns raised about climate risks on agriculture indicate that adaptation of the agricultural sector to climate change is necessary to mitigate the negative consequences of climate change. Despite many opportunities to implement climate adaptation measures at farm level, there are several obstacles to their adoption. Farmers’ decision to implement adaptation measures lies in the difficulty of accessing knowledge about adaptation practices and in the lack of resources for upfront investments required by adaptation.
  • 139
  • 23 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Hyperbolic Barriers in Geophysical Flows and Their Extraction
Transport barriers are material surfaces across which the transport is minimal. They can be classified into elliptic, parabolic, and hyperbolic barriers. Hyperbolic barriers are less evident. They are the most influential repelling and attracting material lines (or surfaces in 3D cases) with the strongest local stability, which can be identified in real oceanic and atmospheric flows by calculating the maximal Lyapunov exponents. The transport barriers are fundamental features controlling the movement of anthropogenic and natural pollutants, plankton, cross-shelf exchange, and the propagation of upwelling fronts in coastal zones.
  • 311
  • 23 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Single-Atom Metal Supported at Two-Dimensional MoS2
Due to increasing concerns about global warming and energy crisis, intensive efforts have been made to explore renewable and clean energy sources. Single-atom metals and two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials have attracted extensive attention in the fields of energy and environment because of their unique electronic structures and excellent properties.
  • 340
  • 23 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Organic Agriculture affects Soil, Crop and Human Health
The underlying philosophy/hypothesis of organic farming—“healthy soils generate healthy crops which lead to healthy livestock and humans”—was first formulated by Sir Albert Howard and other organic farming pioneers. Organic crop production practices could increase the nutritional quality of food crops, the evidence now available suggests that there are nutritionally relevant composition differences between organic and conventional crops and that, overall, organic plant-foods contain higher concentrations of nutritionally desirable (phenolics, other antioxidants and/or mineral micronutrients) and lower concentrations of nutritionally undesirable chemicals (pesticide residues, cadmium, and/or Fusarium mycotoxins). However, agricultural intensification practices have reduced food quality and safety, the available evidence indicates that many “innovations” (monoculture/shorter rotations, mineral N and P fertilizers, pesticides, and short-straw cereal varieties) introduced as part of the agricultural intensification (or “green revolution”) have had negative effects on both crop health and the nutritional quality and/or safety of crops.
  • 331
  • 23 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Pharmaceuticals in Water
The presence of pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment presents a challenge to modern science. The most significant impact this can induce is the emergence of antibiotic resistance, which can lead to a global health emergency. It is important to note that the impact of pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment is not limited to antibiotic resistance. Pharmaceuticals can also affect the behaviour and reproductive systems of aquatic organisms, with cascading effects on entire ecosystems.
  • 178
  • 23 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Shipowners’ Choices of Alternative Marine Fuels
It is interesting to find that alternative fuels (e.g., liquefied natural gas) are the most attractive choice for gas ships and ro-ro carriers; others prefer to use conventional fuels. Furthermore, shipowners’ choices of new fuels significantly correlate with their nationality is revealed. While it is well-established that economic factors influence shipowners’ choices for new ship fuel solutions, the impacts of bunker costs, freight rates, and CO2 emission allowance prices remain relatively limited. It is evident that the policies of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) to reduce carbon emissions have increased the demand for building new energy ships. 
  • 186
  • 23 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Neighborhood Services and Property Values in Urban Area
Neighborhood services, property attributes, and their associated amenities have positive impacts on land and property values. This impact is estimated by the hedonic pricing model, which is considered an effective method used in previous studies for such evaluations.
  • 276
  • 23 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Regional Geological of the Biga Peninsula
Biga Peninsula is a geologically diverse and complex peninsula that has been exposed to a series of tectonic events during its lengthy history. It represents the western section of the Sakarya Zone (S Pontide Domain) along the boundary between Gondwana and Laurasia and consists of numerous tectonic units, representing both continental and oceanic assemblages. The tectonic activity of the Biga Peninsula is primarily impacted by the motion occurring along the North Anatolian Fault Zone.
  • 280
  • 23 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Utilization Methods for Lignocellulosic Biomass
Utilization of lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) for bioenergy production has been widely investigated in the previous decades, as it provides an excellent environmentally friendly alternative to non-renewable energy sources. There are numerous procedures to convert plant-based biomass into usable feedstock or valuable energy carriers, such as C5 and C6 sugars, organic acids, or more commonly, bioethanol and biogas. 
  • 161
  • 23 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Landscape Evolution in Glacier Valleys of Glaciokarsts
On mountain glaciokarsts, climate and vegetation show zonality. With altitude increase, the quantity of precipitation increases (the proportion of snow increases) and temperature decreases.
  • 208
  • 20 Oct 2023
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