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Topic Review
Bacterial Cellulose in Wastewater Treatment
Bacterial cellulose membranes have been shown to be efficient as filters for the removal of various contaminants, including biological and chemical agents or heavy metals. Therefore, their use could make an important contribution to bio-based technological development in the circular economy. Moreover, they can be used to produce new materials for industry, taking into consideration current environmental preservation policies aimed at a more efficient use of energy.
  • 2.2K
  • 28 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Tectonic Archaeology
Tectonic Archaeology is conceived as an umbrella term for efforts to deal with evidence of volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, and tsunami in the archaeological record and the consequences for society. It also can serve as a foundation for Geoarchaeology in general.
  • 912
  • 28 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Environmental Intelligence, A Holistic Approach
The human beings intrinsically, intensively, and strongly guard their life and soul. This instinctive protection is also supported by the social, cultural, religious, and legal principles and regulations, too. If we consider the means of realizing this phenomenon to be the instinctive intelligence of man in preserving its life and health, we must admit that humans do not have such intelligence about their environment and this is a rare paradox. So, why cannot humans understand that the destruction of the environment will ultimately cause the destruction of the human race, while these same humans are incredibly industrious, active, and confident in guarding their own lives? This apparent and dangerous contradiction can be attributed to the lack of intelligence which historical experiences show it has been clearly prominent among individuals and human groups in the traditional world, and more likely in prehistoric man and has been badly damaged and destroyed in modern times and with the acceptance of the duet between man and nature. This is the intelligence that has to be revitalized again in an acceptable manner for the modern human beings. The mental relationship between people and the environment comes from a chain of experiences and knowledge, and the meaning of the environment derives from its functions. This intelligence, which we call "Environmental Intelligence", is the power of calculation, analysis, and presupposition that can help humans establish an organic and immediate relationship between their own partial actions and the large and subtle environmental effects that would immediately and undoubtedly influence the whole society and the entire environment and eventually every individual members of the society. This is the intelligence that has to have an individual and collective aspect and be learnt and transferred in a holistic connection of the individual and society and it is the intelligence that can establish a systematic and nonlinear relationship between the individual, society, environment and the bioenvironmental data. The acquisition and deepening of such intelligence can bridge the gaps that are existent in the human community and are dangerously growing on a daily basis even with the extensive and unprecedented instructions and notifications.
  • 2.5K
  • 28 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Simulation of Sunspot Cycles
Numerous systems in nature exhibit oscillatory dynamics suggesting common underlying processes. Without knowing an exact interacting mechanism, predictive modelling applied to known count data of a system can provide a non-statistical solution defining its evolution. A recursive difference equation is used to describe the evolution of sunspots and solar cycles in the discrete time domain. Sunspot count for solar cycle 21 is pulse-like over an 11-year period, definable by the product of a pair of growth and decay logistic difference equations. Oscillatory behaviour of multiple solar cycles 22 to 24 up to 2010 are modelled by stabilizing a delayed logistic difference equation.
  • 760
  • 28 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Volatile Fatty Acid recovery
Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) are low-molecular-weight carboxylic acids containing two to six carbon atoms that are produced as the final product of acidogenic fermentation in anaerobic digestion process.
  • 1.0K
  • 28 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Litter Modification of Forest Fluxes
Litter can modify GHG fluxes often in gas-specific ways, although there are also common mechanisms underlying its effect, which are regulated by the environmental conditions, forest management and climate change factors.
  • 518
  • 27 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Sustainable Circular Natural Resource-Based Bioeconomy
Efficient material flows promote sustainable circular natural resource-based bioeconomy. Within sustainable natural resource utilization carbon and nutrient recycling are financially equal production inputs compared to traditional mineral fertilizers.
  • 385
  • 24 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Green Innovation (GI)
Green innovation (GI) is an essential measure to realize green growth. The value of GI on achieving sustainable development goals is increasingly recognized in recent years. Promoting GI is also the fundamental requirement of China’s 14th Five-Year Plan. Notwithstanding that the central government has put the sustainable development goals at the heart of policy-making, formulating several environmental policies, the overall efficiency of environmental governance does not meet expectations. The GI of manufacturing industries is insufficient, and the phenomenon of illegally discharging pollutants continues to repeat, making the effects of policies into question. 
  • 602
  • 24 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Global Plastic Waste is Increasing
Global plastic waste is increasing rapidly. In general, densely populated regions generate tons of plastic waste daily, which is sometimes disposed of on land or diverged to sea. Most of the plastics created in the form of waste have complex degradation behavior and are non-biodegradable by nature. These remain intact in the environment for a long time span and potentially originate complications within terrestrial and marine life ecosystems. The strategic management of plastic waste and recycling can preserve environmental species and associated costs. 
  • 1.1K
  • 24 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Global Isotopic Hydrograph Separation
Isotopic Hydrograph Separation (IHS) is a novel research field that has shown a great shift in separating runoff into pre-event and event water throughout its production lifetime.
  • 683
  • 24 Sep 2021
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