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Topic Review
Sustainable Construction in Kenya
The practice of landscape architecture in Kenya is growing alongside the country’s construction industry, which is experiencing exponential growth in tandem with construction trends globally. With the growth in the industry, there has been significant growth in the economy, high consumption of natural resources, a 50% increased contribution to the world’s landfill waste, and pollution of the adjacent environment.
  • 393
  • 17 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Coastal Acid-Sulfate Soils of Kalimantan, Indonesia
Coastal acid-sulfate soils are crucial for producing crops and thus, for food security. However, over time, these soil resources experience degradation, leading to higher agro-input, lower yields, and environmental hazards that finally threaten food security. The optimal use of this fragile resource is only attained by implementing vigorous integrated water–soil–crop management technologies amid the climate change impact. 
  • 393
  • 27 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Particulate Air Pollution and Risk of Neuropsychiatric Outcomes
There is evidence that the impact of particle pollution on the brain, the portals of entry, the neural damage mechanisms, and ultimately the neurological and psychiatric outcomes statistically associated with exposures. PM pollution comes from natural and anthropogenic sources such as fossil fuel combustion, engineered nanoparticles (NP ≤ 100 nm), wildfires, and wood burning. We are all constantly exposed during normal daily activities to some level of particle pollution of various sizes—PM2.5 (≤2.5 µm), ultrafine PM (UFP ≤ 100 nm), or NPs. Inhalation, ingestion, and dermal absorption are key portals of entry. 
  • 392
  • 16 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Immobilized Nanomaterials for Energy Production
Nanomaterials (NMs) have been extensively used in several environmental applications; however, their widespread dissemination at full scale is hindered by difficulties keeping them active in engineered systems. Thus, several strategies to immobilize NMs for their environmental utilization have been established and are described in the present text, emphasizing their role in the production of renewable energies, the removal of priority pollutants, as well as greenhouse gases, from industrial streams, by both biological and physicochemical processes. The challenges to optimize the application of immobilized NMs and the relevant research topics to consider in future research are also presented to encourage the scientific community to respond to current needs.
  • 392
  • 01 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Emeralds from Kagem Mine, Kafubu Area, Zambia
Kagem emerald mine in Zambia is deemed the largest open-pit emerald mine in the world, with extremely high economic value and a large market share. Mineral inclusions typically include actinolite, graphite, magnetite, and dolomite. Black graphite encased in actinolite in Kagem emeralds is reported herein for the first time. The FTIR spectrum of Kagem emeralds reveals that the absorption of type II H2O is stronger than that of type I H2O, indicating the presence of abundant alkali metals, which was confirmed through chemical analysis. Kagem emeralds contain high levels of Na (avg. 16,440 ppm), moderate-to-high Cs (avg. 567 ppm), as well as low-to-moderate K (avg. 185 ppm) and Rb (avg. 14 ppm) concentrations.
  • 392
  • 16 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Endocrine Disrupting Compounds
Endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) are contaminants with estrogenic or andro-genic activity that negatively impact human and animal communities.
  • 391
  • 24 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Pollution Control of Industrial Mariculture Wastewater
The main targets of mariculture wastewater treatment are organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus, while the other pollutants, such as chemicals, need to be controlled from the feed sources. That is to say, the main target of mariculture wastewater is to remove most of the organic solid wastes containing the above pollutants. The conventional physical, chemical, biological and ecological technologies are feasible for the treatment of all the biodegradable pollutants.
  • 391
  • 13 May 2022
Topic Review
Impact of Particles on Pulmonary Endothelial Cells
Due to particle sizes ranging from the nanometre to the millimetre scale, these particles can be easily inhaled or absorbed by the skin, reaching the cells of the pulmonary alveoli and finally entering the bloodstream, which can lead to health adverse effects. Endothelial cells (ECs) guarantee permeability for the passage of blood, hormone fluids, macromolecules and platelets through arteries, veins, arterioles and venules and controls blood flow and vascular relaxation and constriction. The function of pulmonary endothelial cells (PECs) is not very different from vascular endothelial cells; they regulate blood flow but also control the passage of liquid and macromolecules between the interstitial space, the vessels and the smooth muscle cells.
  • 391
  • 15 Jun 2022
Topic Review
ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information
The International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ISPRS) is an international non-governmental organization that enhances international cooperation between the worldwide organizations with interests in the photogrammetry, remote sensing and spatial information sciences. Originally named International Society for Photogrammetry (ISP), it was established in 1910, and is the oldest international umbrella organization in its field, which may be summarized as addressing “information from imagery”. ISPRS achieves its aims by: The ISPRS' scientific and technical programs are organized by five technical commissions. Each commission is sponsored by an ISPRS member organization for the four-year period between congresses. The five technical commissions have established around 60 working groups which are responsible for particular topics within the commissions’ areas of interest. All technical commissions hold a symposium within their country in 2018. Smaller workshops will be organized by the working groups before the 2020 congress from June 28 - July 4, 2020, in Nice, France, by the French Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing.
  • 391
  • 01 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Toxicity of PFASs to Aquatic Invertebrates
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), recognized worldwide as emerging pollutants. Its accumulation in living organisms and foods has accentuated the importance of investigations into aquatic organisms at the bottom of the food chain, as the stability and integrity of the food web as well as the population quantity and structure of the aquatic ecosystem may be affected. In aquatic ecosystems, invertebrates, planktons, and microorganisms are essential for material circulation and energy flow. As such, the toxicity and bioaccumulation effects on aquatic organisms directly determine the survival of all other animals along this food chain, making them important study species.
  • 391
  • 04 Jan 2023
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