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All Topic Review Biography
Topic Review Peer Reviewed
How Supervisors Can Support Doctoral Students to Publish and Not Perish in Academia
“Publish or perish” is a term used for the culture adopted in universities, whereby academic members of staff, typically although not exclusively on research and teaching contracts, are required to publish research. Minimum levels of quantity and quality may apply and these may be included in key performance indicators and annual staff reviews to ensure compliance. Whilst this culture has been reported in universities for nearly a century, most recently it has cascaded down to doctoral students who are increasingly expected to publish and otherwise disseminate research during their studies (i.e., research outside of that which is to be submitted in their thesis). This entry relates primarily to doctoral students in a UK setting and studying a monograph route (rather than a published papers submission) in the humanities. It further explores the role played by supervisors to help doctoral students to publish, and in turn the help and guidance supervisors need to offer as support. Many of the findings explored in this entry apply equally beyond the parameters noted above, and, as demonstrated in the literature, international students and institutions are facing similar issues.
  • 288
  • 30 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Borderline Personality Features and Romantic Relationships
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a psychological disorder characterized by instability. This instability manifests in many areas for those with BPD, including their affective experiences, views of themselves, and relationships with others. Many of the diagnostic criteria for BPD are either clearly interpersonal (e.g., frantic attempts to avoid potential rejection or abandonment) or tend to emerge in response to negative interpersonal events (e.g., engagement in self-harm following interpersonal conflicts). The interpersonal difficulties that characterize those with BPD have been shown to extend to their romantic relationships. In fact, the pattern of intense and unstable romantic relationships may be one of the most useful criteria for diagnosing BPD.
  • 199
  • 30 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Emotional Clarity and Emotional Intelligence Ability
Emotional clarity is one facet of emotional intelligence that refers to one’s meta-understanding of and ability to identify and describe feelings. The existing research has largely focused on trait (typical levels of) emotional clarity and its benefits for greater psychological well-being, more successful emotion regulation/coping, and diminished psychopathology. Emerging work is focused on characterizing the dynamic nature of emotion clarity in daily life which may provide insights into how emotional intelligence is engaged in everyday life. 
  • 290
  • 30 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Caregiving Involvement and Self-Care of Dementia Caregivers
Caregivers often prioritize the needs of the care recipient and neglect their own health needs. It is imperative to understand the factors related to their self-care practices and engagement in self-care activities.
  • 198
  • 30 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Barrier Factors to Installing Energy Storage Equipment
Using green energy is an important way for businesses to achieve their Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) goals and ensure sustainable operations. Currently, however, green energy is not a stable source of power, and this instability poses certain risks to normal business operations and manufacturing processes. The installation of energy storage equipment has become an indispensable accompaniment to facilitating green energy use for an enterprise. However, businesses may encounter significant barriers during the process of installing energy storage equipment.
  • 202
  • 30 Oct 2023
Topic Review
The Provocation Trigger of Adultery
Excuse for the husband killing his wife’s lover in the form of the partial defence of provocation was set following the Mawgridge’s case in 1707. This meant the husband could be found guilty of manslaughter rather than murder. In 1810, another precedent was set, where the adulterous wife's killing could follow a sentence of manslaughter rather than murder. This entry investigates the shaping of adultery as a defence to murder under the partial defence of provocation.
  • 517
  • 27 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Environmentally Friendly Materialism
Protection of the global environment has long been demanded. Companies that have created a large burden on the natural environment have been struggling to cope with this challenge. Companies are required to not only disclose information on their responses to the natural environment to shareholders, governments, and suppliers but also to consumers. In particular, the apparel industry has a massive environmental burden, and globally, consumers are paying attention to what they are dealing with. The increasing number of consumers possessing a global mindset has led to the emergence of environmentally friendly materialist consumers who find pleasure in owning environmentally friendly brands and products.
  • 203
  • 27 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Determining Factors in rTMS on Sequence Learning
Sequence learning is a fundamental ability of the human brain. It forms the basis of many cognitive, social, and motor skills. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an increasingly used non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) tool to examine the functional role of cortical areas and brain networks. In addition to neuroimaging methods, rTMS might contribute to a better understanding of the functional and neural underpinnings of visuomotor sequence learning. 
  • 217
  • 27 Oct 2023
Topic Review Peer Reviewed
Early Childhood Care in Spain before the Lockdown
It is widely assumed that every action in Early Childhood Care (ECC) must be conducted taking into consideration the well-being of the family and relying on their active involvement. It becomes essential to implement an intervention strategy that encompasses not only the children but also their immediate environment and the entire family unit. In this context, the Family-Centred Approach (FCA) has emerged as a prominent methodology. This approach can be defined as a collaborative connection between professionals and families, characterised by mutual respect and acknowledgment of their values and choices. Moreover, it entails extending assistance when required, all aimed at fostering optimal functioning of the familial core. This article aims to understand perceptions of families and professionals concerning Early Intervention in Spain before the lockdown. For this, a scoping review was conducted by mapping articles related to Spain in Scopus or Dialnet (CIRC A+, A, B, or C) before the COVID-19 lockdown. After reviewing thirty-five chosen articles, the identified topics were categorised into emotions, diagnoses, and requirements. Many of the publications fulfilled the CIRC B criterion, with a minority of articles meeting this criterion in the latter portion of the present decade. This subject matter warrants further research. There is a need for effective Early Childhood Care (ECC), characterised by early detection and diagnosis, involving well-trained professionals, and which recognises the importance of families in interventions and children development.
  • 331
  • 27 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Spanish Baccalaureate
The Spanish Baccalaureate (Spanish: Bachillerato) is the post-16 stage of education in Spain, comparable to the A Levels/Higher (Scottish) in the UK, the French Baccalaureate in France or the International Baccalaureate. It follows the ESO (compulsory stage of secondary education). After taking the Bachillerato, a student may enter vocational training (Higher-level Training Cycles, Ciclos Formativos de Grado Superior) or take the "Selectividad" tests for admission to university. There are two parts, a core curriculum with the compulsory subjects and a specialist part with a number of pre-selected branches to choose from.
  • 819
  • 26 Oct 2023
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