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Topic Review
Psychodynamic Therapies for Treatment of Substance Addictions
Psychodynamic therapy has been used for a broad range of mental health disorders. From Freud to modern psychoanalysts, ideas have changed, and the range of theories that is currently enclosed has grown disproportionately. Psychodynamic interventions were shown to be as effective as other psychological treatments in treating substance dependence and proved to be an empirically-supported treatment for the above addictions.
  • 715
  • 11 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Performance Factors in Sport Climbing
Key determinants in climbing performance, and thus those present in elite athletes, include improved climbing efficiency, greater ability to apply maximum force or finger and palm pressure resistance, and increased arm locking strength. Additionally, it has been observed that those who can apply higher and more consistent loads experience better muscle oxygenation and have greater flexibility and lateral foot reach. Climbing performance is the result of factors that can be enhanced through training.
  • 715
  • 12 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Unsilencing the Echoes of Historical Trauma
Indigenous communities in North America have distinct colonial histories with their own story of how their ancestors were able to survive the mass effort to take their land, resources, language, culture, and sometimes even their lives. These stories have been passed down orally and through the DNA of the descendants of survivors via epigenetics. The Historical Loss Scale (HLS) and Historical Loss Associated Symptoms Scale (HLASS) are two validated scales that measure historical trauma among Native Americans.
  • 705
  • 05 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Complex Interventions in Suicide Research
It has been argued that effective action towards addressing a complex concern such as suicide requires a combination of evidence-based strategies. While these complex public health approaches have recently gained importance, little is known about their characteristics and what contributes to their complexity. 
  • 701
  • 01 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Treatment of Ankyloglossia
For the treatment of lingual frenulum, it can be concluded that clinicians prefer the use of a diode laser due to its numerous advantages over the use of a scalpel blade. Many studies agree on the usefulness of incorporating myofunctional rehabilitation for patients to improve lingual mobility, both before and after surgical therapy. The development of adequate lingual mobility can contribute to improving the patient’s quality of life, especially if the problem is detected early, as it can prevent situations such as palatal contractions, dental crowding, and sleep-related breathing disorders.
  • 701
  • 19 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Natural Ingredients from Trás-os-Montes Region
The natural cosmetics market has grown since consumers became aware of the concept of natural-based ingredients. A significant number of cosmetics have an ecological impact on the environment and carry noxious and chemically potent substances. Thus, the use of natural and organic cosmetics becomes increasingly important since it is clear that topical treatment withcosmeceuticals can help improve skin rejuvenation. A substantial investigation into the benefits that fruits and plants can bring to health is required. Studies have shown that antigenotoxic properties are linked to anti-aging properties. Several studies have shown potential antigenotoxicity in natural ingredients such as Almonds (Prunus dulcis), Elderberry (Sambucus nigra), Olives (Olea europaea), and Grapes (Vitis vinifera). This review presents an overview of research conducted on these natural ingredients, the most common in the Northeast of Portugal. This region of Portugal possesses the most organic farmers, and ingredients are easily obtained. The Northeast of Portugal also has climatic, topographic, and pedological differences that contribute to agricultural diversity.
  • 699
  • 24 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Biological Function of Plant-Derived Exosome-like Nanovesicle
Plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles (PELNs) are bilayer membrane-enclosed nanovesicles secreted by plant cells, serving as carriers of various substances such as proteins, RNA, and metabolites. The mounting evidence suggests that PELN plays a crucial role in transmembrane signaling, nutrient transportation, apoptosis, and regulation of gut microbiota composition. This makes it a promising “dark nutrient” for plants to modulate human physiology and pathogenesis.
  • 698
  • 02 Apr 2024
Topic Review
Rapid Oral Heath Deterioration
Poor oral health is a common morbidity in old age with older adults less likely to attend dental care and more likely to have dental disease; this situation is exacerbated by older adults retaining more teeth often with complex restorations.
  • 695
  • 10 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Whole Genome Sequence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the most significant global health problems, posing a significant challenge to public health systems worldwide. However, diagnosing drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) has become increasingly challenging due to the rising number of multidrug-resistant (MDR-TB) cases, despite the development of new TB diagnostic tools. Even the World Health Organization-recommended methods such as Xpert MTB/XDR or Truenat are unable to detect all the Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome mutations associated with drug resistance. While Whole Genome Sequencing offers a more precise DR profile, the lack of user-friendly bioinformatics analysis applications hinders its widespread use.
  • 694
  • 04 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Media Influencing Public Intentions for Influenza Vaccination
Influenza has become a global public health issue. As an effective means of prevention and treatment, it is desired to improve public acceptance of influenza vaccination. Researchers have found a correlation between media communications and influenza vaccination. They believed that media information impacts public awareness of influenza prevention, further affecting influenza vaccination. However, few studies specifically discuss the influence mechanism of media communication, public awareness of the influenza vaccine, and influenza vaccination. Furthermore, research on media communication and influenza vaccination has rarely focused on China. 
  • 691
  • 07 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Analgesic Efficacy of Acupuncture on Chronic Pelvic Pain
Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) is the pain occurred in the pelvic region longer than six months. Acupuncture, an important intervention method in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), is nowadays practiced worldwide for various diseases, especially in pain management. 
  • 691
  • 13 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Tinnitus-Related Distress Classification Using Auditory Evoked Potential Signals
Tinnitus is a highly prevalent condition, affecting more than 1 in 7 adults in the EU and causing negative effects on sufferers’ quality of life. The objective identification and detection of bothersome tinnitus is a critical step in the proper management and administration of appropriate interventions or the combination of interventions for the patients. A detailed audiological evaluation, including auditory brainstem responses and auditory middle latency responses analysis, could constitute an objective method for reflecting the functions of the cochlear or auditory nerve to auditory cortex. 
  • 685
  • 03 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Prebiotics and on Their Health Effects
Prebiotic compounds were originally defined as “a nondigestible food ingredient that beneficially affects the host by selectively stimulating the growth and/or activity of one or a limited number of bacteria in the colon, and thus improves host health”; however, a significant modulation of the definition was carried out in the consensus panel of The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP), and the last definition states that “prebiotics are substrates that are selectively utilized by host microorganisms conferring a health benefit”. 
  • 680
  • 26 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Dynamic of Glucose Homeostasis in Virtual Patients
This work presents a mathematical model of homeostasis dynamics in healthy individuals, focusing on the generation of conductive data on glucose homeostasis throughout the day under dietary and physical activity factors. Two case studies on glucose dynamics for populations under conditions of physical activity and sedentary lifestyle were developed.
  • 679
  • 08 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Intricate Web of Fatigue in Women
The modern woman has taken her rightful place in society as a worker, a caregiver, a mother, and a world citizen. However, along with the privileges of these roles comes the great cost of stress and resultant exhaustion and fatigue. Psychosocial, physical, cultural, and disease-related realms of stress act as strands of a web that serve to bind and hinder women with chronic stress.
  • 678
  • 09 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Glucocorticoid Treatment in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS), triggered by various pathogenic factors inside and outside the lungs, leads to diffuse lung injury and can result in respiratory failure and death, which are typical clinical critical emergencies. Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), which has a poor clinical prognosis, is one of the most common diseases that induces ARDS. When SAP causes the body to produce a storm of inflammatory factors and even causes sepsis, clinicians will face a two-way choice between anti-inflammatory and anti-infection objectives while considering the damaged intestinal barrier and respiratory failure, which undoubtedly increases the difficulty of the diagnosis and treatment of SAP-ALI/ARDS.
  • 677
  • 15 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Effect of Heating Processes on Red Meat
The heating process is a crucial step that can lead to the formation of several harmful chemical compounds in red meat such as heterocyclic aromatic amines, N-Nitrosamines, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and acrylamide. Meat has high nutritional value, providing essential amino acids, bioactive compounds and several important micronutrients which can also be affected by heating processes.
  • 676
  • 17 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Application of IoT in Virus Detection
Today, healthcare system models should have high accuracy and sensitivity so that patients do not have a misdiagnosis. For this reason, sufficient knowledge of the area is required, with the medical staff being able to validate the correctness of their decisions. Therefore, artificial intelligence (AI) in combination with other emerging technologies could provide many benefits in the medical sector.
  • 665
  • 11 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Nanoparticles for Breast Cancer Diagnosis
Breast cancer (BC) is the foremost common cause of death in women, and its early diagnosis will help treat and increase patients’ survival. BC is about 100 times more common in women than in men. The risk factors for BC are alcohol intake, body mass index, hormone replacement therapy with estrogen and progesterone, radiation exposure, early and late menarche, and late age in first childbirth. Also, current age (increasing age increases the risk of developing BC), history of BC, breast biopsy, cytology, family history, inherited mutation in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene, and the risk of BC and interval cancers is four to six times higher in women with very dense breast (DB) tissue than in those with fatty breasts.
  • 651
  • 26 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Biomarkers in Monitoring Radiotherapy Toxicity
Radiotherapy (RT) is a major part of cancer treatment. The reported variability in patient response to this modality can interfere with the continuation of best-possible care, promote side effects, and lead to long-term morbidity. Tools to predict a patient’s response to radiation could be highly useful in improving therapeutic outcomes while minimizing unnecessary and toxic exposure to radiation.
  • 643
  • 30 Nov 2023
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