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Topic Review
The Concept of Child-Centred Care in Healthcare
The position of children in healthcare reflects their changing and evolving positioning in society more broadly. The concept of child-centred care orientates children to a more central position within children’s healthcare, where the child is at the centre of thinking and practice. However, a clear definition of child-centred care and clarity around the concept is yet to be achieved.
  • 474
  • 12 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Individualized Fluid Management
Fluid management is a cornerstone in the treatment of burns and, thus, many different formulas were tested for their ability to match the fluid requirements for an adequate resuscitation.
  • 464
  • 04 Aug 2021
Topic Review
The Trauma of Perinatal Loss
Perinatal loss, the loss of a fetus or neonate between conception and 28 days after birth, is a worldwide phenomenon impacting millions of individuals annually. Whether due to miscarriage, stillbirth, life-limiting fetal diagnoses, or neonatal death, up to 60% of bereaved parents exhibit symptoms of depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder. 
  • 454
  • 27 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Health Plans for Suicide Prevention in Spain
Suicide is a serious health problem affecting people of all ages and in all countries. Suicide prevention, listed by the World Health Organisation (WHO) as a global imperative, has grown in importance in recent years to become a priority task in global public health. Suicide death rates are high, with an estimated 800,000 deaths by suicide each year.
  • 444
  • 15 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Gestational Pesticide Exposure and the Child’s Respiratory System
Concerns have arisen worldwide about the potential adverse effects that could result from early-life exposure to pesticides. Asthma, bronchitis, and persistent cough in children have been linked to gestational exposure to pesticides. The respiratory effects of gestational exposure to pesticides are controversial. The relationship between pesticide exposure in pregnant women and its effect on the respiratory system of their children is summarized herein. 
  • 413
  • 15 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Nursing Interventions Classification and Nurses’ Workloads
The Nursing Interventions Classification allows the systematic organisation of care treatments performed by nurses, and an estimation of the time taken to carry out the intervention is included in its characteristics. The evidence found through the use of Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) terminology to determine nurses’ workloads is not conclusive. The NIC time averages are an adequate tool for understanding the impact of nurses’ workload on people’s health care. Yet the number of studies needs to be increased to provide more scientific evidence, along with improvements in methodological quality and rigour. Nurses must implement the quantity and quality of the recording in standardised NIC terminology throughout health records and in all clinical settings to advance the study of its relationship to the measurement of nurses’ workload. This could substantially contribute to improvements in staffing and quality of patient care.
  • 412
  • 04 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Vision-Based Methods for Food and Fluid Intake Monitoring
Food and fluid intake monitoring are essential for reducing the risk of dehydration, malnutrition, and obesity. The existing research has been preponderantly focused on dietary monitoring, while fluid intake monitoring, on the other hand, is often neglected. Food and fluid intake monitoring can be based on wearable sensors, environmental sensors, smart containers, and the collaborative use of multiple sensors. Vision-based intake monitoring methods have been widely exploited with the development of visual devices and computer vision algorithms. Vision-based methods provide non-intrusive solutions for monitoring. They have shown promising performance in food/beverage recognition and segmentation, human intake action detection and classification, and food volume/fluid amount estimation. However, occlusion, privacy, computational efficiency, and practicality pose significant challenges.
  • 412
  • 18 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Association between Sleep Quality and Perinatal Depression
Pregnancy is characterized by hormonal and physiological changes; some of these changes cause changes in sleep, presenting excessive sleep in early pregnancy due to the action of progesterone, and difficulty sleeping at the end of pregnancy due to weight gain and frequency of urination. 
  • 402
  • 04 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Factors Affecting Nurses’ Adoption of Evidence-Based Practice
The concept of evidence-based medicine (EBM), a precursor to the concept of evidence-based practice (EBP), refers to the conscious, explicit, and judicious use of the best evidence in the decision-making process concerning care for a person, considering their values and circumstances. EBP, in turn, is understood as a fundamental resource for professional practice in the health sector which is orientated towards solving problems originating in clinical practice, using the best external evidence and combining it with the preferences and values of the person being cared for, the expertise of a clinical professional, and information from patient data, also known as internal evidence.
  • 399
  • 23 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Breastfeeding on Food Allergies
Breastfeeding is the preferred method of infant feeding and its establishment is one of the primary goals for the infant. Allergic diseases are common in childhood, with increased morbidity. Food allergies are also associated with a strong negative impact on health-related quality of life and is a major public health problem. In addition, maternal exclusion of common allergens during pregnancy and/or lactation suggests that supplementation with regular cow’s milk formula during the first week of life should be avoided. Breast milk contains many active immune factors, such as cytokines, inflammatory mediators, signaling molecules and soluble receptors, which may also reduce the risk of allergic disease.
  • 397
  • 29 Jun 2023
Topic Review
How Paediatric Pain Treatments Work
Clinicians have an increasing number of evidence-based interventions to treat pain in youth. Mediation analysis offers a way of investigating how interventions work, by examining the extent to which an intermediate variable, or mediator, explains the effect of an intervention.
  • 393
  • 03 Mar 2021
Topic Review
Teaching Strategies for Nursing Students' Clinical Reasoning Skills
Clinical reasoning (CR) is a holistic cognitive process. It allows nursing students to accurately perceive patients’ situations and choose the best course of action among the available alternatives. This process is consistent, dynamic, and flexible, and it helps nursing students gain awareness and put their learning into perspective.
  • 335
  • 11 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Caring for Migrant Populations in Italy
The foreign population living in Italy, on 1 January 2021, was about 5.2 million, plus about 500,000 irregular foreigners, according to the ISMU Foundation. It is a “young” population, with a high rate of unaccompanied foreign minors, and the male: female ratio is about 1:1, with wide differences depending on the citizenship of origin.
  • 327
  • 06 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Status of Chinese Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by an individual’s deficits in social communication and interaction, accompanied by repetitive and stereotyped behaviors and a restricted scope of interests. The prevalence of ASD among Chinese children over the past two decades has attracted substantial attention from practitioners, researchers, and policymakers. 
  • 324
  • 31 May 2023
Topic Review
Care of Patients with Rheumatic Diseases
In order to provide the highest quality of care to patients, nurses working at the advanced level are expected to develop knowledge and to initiate services and practices carried out in collaboration with other professionals. In 2018, the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) updated its recommendations for the role of the nurse in the management and care of patients with rheumatic conditions. 
  • 310
  • 15 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Prioritizing the Patient’s Needs of Missed Nursing Care
Missed nursing care refers to essential nursing activities or tasks that are omitted or not completed as planned during a patient’s care. This omission can result from various factors, such as staffing shortages, time constraints, or communication issues, and it can potentially compromise the quality of patient care and safety. Identifying and addressing missed nursing care is crucial to ensure optimal patient outcomes and the well-being of healthcare professionals. 
  • 281
  • 25 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Diabetes Mellitus, Alzheimer’s Disease and Vascular Dementia
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a metabolic disease reaching pandemic levels worldwide. In parallel, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) are the two leading causes of dementia in an increasingly long-living Western society. Numerous epidemiological studies support the role of T2D as a risk factor for the development of dementia. 
  • 243
  • 18 Dec 2023
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