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Topic Review
MicroRNAs as Risk Biomarkers for Hypertension and/or Periodontitis
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide, and arterial hypertension is a recognized cardiovascular risk factor that is responsible for high morbidity and mortality. Arterial hypertension is the result of an inflammatory process that results in the remodeling and thickening of the vascular walls, which is associated with an immunological response. Previous studies have attempted to demonstrate the relationship between oral disease, inflammation, and the development of systemic diseases. The existence of an association between periodontitis and hypertension is a controversial issue because the underlying pathophysiological processes and inflammatory mechanisms common to both diseases are unknown.
  • 380
  • 21 Feb 2024
Topic Review
MicroRNAs in Depression
Depression is a major contributor to the overall global burden of disease. The discovery of biomarkers for diagnosis or prediction of treatment responses and as therapeutic agents is a current priority. Previous studies have demonstrated the importance of short RNA molecules in the etiology of depression. The most extensively researched of these are microRNAs, a major component of cellular gene regulation and function. MicroRNAs function in a temporal and tissue-specific manner to regulate and modify the post-transcriptional expression of target mRNAs. They can also be shuttled as cargo of extracellular vesicles between the brain and the blood, thus informing about relevant mechanisms in the CNS through the periphery. 
  • 378
  • 15 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Insulin-like Growth Factor I in Sporadic Alzheimer’s Disease
Despite decades of intense research, disease-modifying therapeutic approaches for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are still very much needed. Apart from the extensively analyzed tau and amyloid pathological cascades, two promising avenues of research that may eventually identify new druggable targets for AD are based on a better understanding of the mechanisms of resilience and vulnerability to this condition. Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) activity in the brain provides a common substrate for the mechanisms of resilience and vulnerability to AD. Preserved brain IGF-I activity contributes to resilience to AD pathology as this growth factor intervenes in all the major pathological cascades considered to be involved in AD, including metabolic impairment, altered proteostasis, and inflammation, to name the three that are considered to be the most important ones. 
  • 363
  • 22 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Unveiling SARS-CoV-2 N501Y Mutation Mystery
The study provides a detailed computational analysis of the N501Y mutation in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and its structural implications. Key findings include: N501Y leads to significant structural shifts, especially in the RBD domain. The mutation enhances binding affinity to ACE2, making the virus potentially more transmissible. It causes secondary structure destabilization, especially in stable regions like α-helices. Hydrogen bond dynamics were significantly altered, with stronger interactions between the spike protein and ACE2, especially in the RBD domain. The N501Y mutation increases binding affinity, as evidenced by a shift in binding energy. These insights could be important for understanding the biological behavior of SARS-CoV-2 variants and designing therapeutics and vaccines that account for these structural alterations.
  • 302
  • 17 Feb 2025
Topic Review
Improved Algorithm for Indels Detection
The article "TMO: Time and Memory Optimized Algorithm Applicable for More Accurate Alignment of Trinucleotide Repeat Disorders Associated Genes" introduces a novel algorithm designed to enhance the detection of insertion/deletions (indels) in genes associated with trinucleotide repeat disorders, such as Huntington's disease.
  • 291
  • 03 Mar 2025
Topic Review
Lesson Study on the TSPCK of Educators
This study investigated the enhancement of Topic-Specific Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TSPCK) among Life Sciences educators, with a particular focus on cellular respiration. The research identified a paucity of studies on this topic, especially within South African educational settings, thereby emphasizing the challenges educators and learners face. The lesson study approach has been identified as an effective strategy for enhancing educators' TSPCK. The research explored how to enhance educators' TSPCK on the topic of cellular respiration, how to incorporate this understanding into lessons, and offered valuable insights on how to use TSPCK successfully. This research will contribute to developing effective teaching approaches for cellular respiration and offer insights for initiatives aimed at advancing Life Sciences education in South Africa. The findings revealed that educators utilize contextualization, differentiated teaching, collaborative planning, and a focus on conceptual understanding. Through the improvement of lesson designs, assessment methodologies, technological integration, and an emphasis on critical thinking and problem-solving, educators refined their cellular respiration-TSPCK components. The lesson study approach enhances leaner learning, bolsters educator confidence, and fosters sustained professional development. The results of this study will enhance educator professional development, impact curriculum design, and promote teaching and learning methodologies.
  • 161
  • 12 Jun 2025
Biography
Nehaya
Nehaya Raja Ismail Saidat (نهاية رجا إسماعيل السعيدات) is a Jordanian academic and researcher in the field of medical laboratory sciences and clinical microbiology, with a particular specialization in antimicrobial resistance and microbial pathogens. Over the course of her academic journey, she has established herself as a dedicated scholar contributing to both scientific
  • 89
  • 22 Sep 2025
Topic Review Peer Reviewed
Descriptive Profile of Hip Rotation in Athletic, Injured and Non-Active Populations: A Systematic Review
Objectives: This systematic review aimed to examine hip rotator range of motion (ROM) and strength values across athletic, injured, and non-active populations, and to determine how these values differ when measured at different hip flexion angles. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines across six electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, and Medline) from inception to June 2025. Eligible studies included observational, cross-sectional, case-control, or randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies that quantitatively assessed hip IR/ER ROM and/or strength in defined population groups (athletic, injured, or non-active). Two reviewers independently screened titles, abstracts, and full texts, extracted data on study design, population characteristics, measurement methods, and outcome variables, and assessed risk of bias using an established tool. Discrepancies were resolved by a third reviewer. Results: 11 studies met the inclusion criteria, including 1276 participants across athletic, injured, and non-active populations. Hip rotator ROM was measured in nine studies and strength in three, with varying testing angles (0° and/or 90° hip flexion). Overall, athletes showed greater ROM at 0° compared to injured and non-active groups, but had reduced ROM at 90° relative to non-active participants. Non-active individuals had the lowest ROM at 0°. Strength findings, though limited, indicated higher values at 90° than at 0°. Conclusions: Hip rotator ROM and strength vary across populations and testing angles, with ROM generally lower and strength higher at 90° of hip flexion. Due to methodological inconsistencies, findings should be interpreted as directional evidence, reinforcing the need for standardized assessment protocols in future research.
  • 56
  • 22 Oct 2025
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