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Topic Review
Electric Gates
An electric gate is an entrance gate which can be opened and closed via an electric powered mechanism.
  • 2.3K
  • 08 Nov 2022
Topic Review
21st Century Skills and Mobile-Technology-Supported Inquiry-Based Learning
The development of 21st-century skills is paramount. Among these skills, which encompass collaboration, communication, critical thinking, and creativity, Mobile-Technology-Supported Inquiry-Based Learning (mIBL) in Science Education emerges as a potent method for their enhancement.
  • 2.3K
  • 14 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Measuring the Sustainability of the Orange Economy
Creative and cultural activities, more recently encompassed in the Orange economy, have been the subject of great interest in recent decades. They have been attributed great potential as engines of economic growth and sustainable development, a role that has been encouraged by various international organizations. There has been much commentary on the important capacity of the creative and cultural sector to generate sustainable growth from the triple economic, social, and environmental perspective. Accepting this premise, there is a commitment to the creative and the cultural economy that is manifested in the proposal and the implementation of various economic policy measures.
  • 2.3K
  • 25 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Shoebill (Balaeniceps rex)
The Shoebill (Balaeniceps rex), also known as the whalehead or shoe-billed stork, is a large, rare avian species native to the freshwater swamps and wetlands of tropical East Africa. Recognizable by its massive, shoe-shaped bill and prehistoric appearance, the shoebill occupies a unique phylogenetic position within the order Pelecaniformes, with no close living relatives. It is listed as Vulnerable by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) due to its small and declining population.
  • 2.3K
  • 19 Jun 2025
Topic Review
Blood Neurofilament Light Chain
Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a neuron specific structural protein which can be detected in the blood (serum and plasma). Elevate blood levels may serve as an important surrogate neuro-axonal injury in a variety of neurological conditions, already showing promising associations with outcomes of interest.
  • 2.3K
  • 26 Nov 2020
Topic Review
Chalicotherium
Chalicotherium (Ancient Greek χαλιξ/khalix, khalik-: pebble/gravel + θηρίον/thērion, diminutive of θηρ/thēr : beast) is a genus of extinct odd-toed ungulates of the order Perissodactyla and family Chalicotheriidae, found in Europe, Africa, Asia, and North America from the Late Oligocene to Early Pliocene, 28.4–3.6 million years ago, existing for approximately 24.8 million years. This animal would look much like other chalicotheriid species: an odd-looking herbivore with long clawed forelimbs and stouter weight-bearing hindlimbs. The type species, Chalicotherium goldfussi, from Miocene and Pliocene Europe, was described by Johann Jakob Kaup in 1833.
  • 2.3K
  • 22 Nov 2022
Topic Review
6G Enabled Smart Infrastructure
6G is expected to have data rates in the order of terabits per second and a latency of less than 1ms. It is expected to drive the Internet of Everything, with 10,000,000 connections per square km.
  • 2.3K
  • 20 Apr 2021
Topic Review
Social-Ecological Transformability
Transformability is increasingly promoted as a way of moving societies toward more sustainable futures in the era of the Anthropocene, mostly because the concept of resilience has fallen short in many instances where impacts on social-ecological systems are continuous, varied, and usually unknown. While such transformations can play a crucial role in improving the sustainability of social-ecological systems, they may lead to unexpected and undesirable outcomes. 
  • 2.3K
  • 19 Nov 2020
Topic Review
Fusarium graminearum Pigments and Compounds
Fusarium graminearum (teleomorph: Gibberella zeae) is a pathogen of maize, wheat, rice, and barley responsible for the disease known as Fusarium head blight (FHB) and mycotoxin contamination. Several studies have explored in depth the biochemistry and genetics of the pigments present in Fusarium graminearum. Still, there is a need to discuss their relationship with the mold’s observable surface color pattern variation throughout its lifecycle. 
  • 2.3K
  • 07 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Ron Suskind
Ronald Steven "Ron" Suskind (born November 20, 1959) is an American journalist, author, and filmmaker. He was the senior national affairs writer for The Wall Street Journal from 1993 to 2000, where he won the 1995 Pulitzer Prize for Feature Writing for articles that became the starting point for his first book, A Hope in the Unseen. His other books include The Price of Loyalty, The One Percent Doctrine, The Way of the World, Confidence Men, and his memoir Life, Animated: A Story of Sidekicks, Heroes, and Autism, from which he made an Emmy Award-winning, Academy Award-nominated feature documentary. Suskind has written about the George W. Bush Administration, the Barack Obama Administration, and related issues of the United States' use of power.
  • 2.3K
  • 08 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Synthesis and Properties of Deep Eutectic Solvents
The use of deep eutectic solvents (DES) is on the rise worldwide because of the astounding properties they offer, such as simplicity of synthesis and utilization, low-cost, and environmental friendliness, which can, without a doubt, replace conventional solvents used in heaps.
  • 2.3K
  • 04 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Cutting Forces
Monitoring tool-behavior is of utmost importance regarding the machining process’s productivity and costs. The machining tool performance can be assessed in several different ways, such as evaluating the machined material’s surface roughness, or by analyzing the cutting forces that are developed during the process. The force assessment is achieved by employing cutting force prediction methods or by measuring the cutting forces by using dynamometers or other sensor systems. Thus, it is crucial to know the various advantages and drawbacks of each of the different techniques for this matter.
  • 2.3K
  • 21 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Grape Infusions
Grape-infusion preparation is no more than a sustainable or green way of extracting polyphenols and other nutraceutical compounds from grapes and grape leaves.  Grapes and grape/wine by-products are a rich source of health-promoting compounds, presenting great potential for the development of new beverages. 
  • 2.3K
  • 11 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Composite Repairs
Composite repairs. Composite materials are used in a wide range of applications in aerospace, marine, automotive, surface transport and sports equipment markets. Damage to composite components is not always visible to the naked eye and the extent of damage is best determined for structural components by suitable Non Destructive Test (NDT) methods. The concept for composite repair of composite or metallic structures is simple. The bonded repair reduces stresses in the damaged region and keeps the cracks from opening and therefore from growing.
  • 2.3K
  • 11 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Numerically Controlled Oscillator
A numerically controlled oscillator (NCO) is a digital signal generator which creates a synchronous (i.e. clocked), discrete-time, discrete-valued representation of a waveform, usually sinusoidal. NCOs are often used in conjunction with a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) at the output to create a direct digital synthesizer (DDS). Numerically controlled oscillators offer several advantages over other types of oscillators in terms of agility, accuracy, stability and reliability. NCOs are used in many communications systems including digital up/down converters used in 3G wireless and software radio systems, digital PLLs, radar systems, drivers for optical or acoustic transmissions, and multilevel FSK/PSK modulators/demodulators.
  • 2.3K
  • 11 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Hard Carbons as Anodes in Sodium-Ion Batteries
Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are regarded as promising alternatives to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in the field of energy, especially in large-scale energy storage systems. Tremendous effort has been put into the electrode research of SIBs, and hard carbon (HC) stands out among the anode materials due to its advantages in cost, resource, industrial processes, and safety. However, different from the application of graphite in LIBs, HC, as a disordered carbon material, leaves more to be completely comprehended about its sodium storage mechanism, and there is still plenty of room for improvement in its capacity, rate performance and cycling performance.
  • 2.3K
  • 21 Oct 2022
Topic Review
The Principles of Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) is a robust polymerization method that was developed by Dr. Jin-Shan Wang in Professor Matyjaszewski’s laboratory in 1995. It was inspired by atom transfer radical addition, which was successfully used in the synthesis of low-molecular-weight compounds.
  • 2.3K
  • 14 Apr 2024
Topic Review
Lignin-Based Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications
Different techniques have been developed to overcome the recalcitrant nature of lignocellulosic biomass and extract lignin biopolymer. Lignin has gained considerable interest owing to its attractive properties. These properties may be more beneficial when including lignin in the preparation of highly desired value-added products, including hydrogels. Lignin biopolymer, as one of the three major components of lignocellulosic biomaterials, has attracted significant interest in the biomedical field due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.
  • 2.3K
  • 05 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Plant Defense Strategies against Drought
Drought stress imposes substantial constraints on the growth and production of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), a globally important cereal crop essential for food security. Plants have evolved various defense mechanisms to withstand environmental variations, such as stress escape, stress avoidance, and stress tolerance.
  • 2.3K
  • 19 Sep 2023
Topic Review
AI-Driven Sentiment Analysis of Amazon Reviews Using BERT
Understanding customer emotions and preferences is paramount for success in the dynamic product design landscape. The pre-trained Bidirectional Encoder Representation from Transformers (BERT) model and the Text-to-Text Transfer Transformer (T5) are deployed to predict customer emotions. These models were trained on synthetically generated and manually labeled datasets to detect the specific features from review data, then sentiment analysis was performed to classify the data into positive, negative, and neutral reviews concerning their aspects. 
  • 2.3K
  • 17 Feb 2024
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